Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

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harbans
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by harbans »

Now, to the post you have made, do you know - for sure - what that device is? Is it is a tech-demo?
Rao ji, no Sir with me. And no i don't have an idea how that worked or the point of launching it in that manner. But it was wet for sure..:)
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by Karan M »

Dharma R wrote:
SaiK wrote:Indian ARM sounds cool. Any specs?
There was some talk about using akash propulsion system,might get modified for extended range.
Akash is just one of possible options. The main advantage of a ramjet is that it does not have to carry the oxidizer en masse for the sustainer, and also offers end game energy.

Via the Trishul India developed a smokeless high energy propellant system which would not attenuate radio signals (a challenge with the earlier Trishul) - this was then further used (along with the maraging steel tech) in Astra. Now for the LRSAM/MRSAM programs, DRDL has developed a dual pulse motor. This is taking the tech for the T/A further, and keeping the Akash requirement (decent range, high terminal energy) alive but without the weight penalty. Either (the Astra or the LR/MRSAM) approach could be reused for an ARM, by reusing existing tech developed, matured for another program, but within the constraints of a Sukhoi carriage.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by ramana »

KaranM, As part of IGMP, Trishul based ARM was in the cards. It had a very long range ~110km. Wings of Fire alludes to it. Norman Palomar the US expert used to write about it in the late 80s.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by jaladipc »

ramana wrote:KaranM, As part of IGMP, Trishul based ARM was in the cards. It had a very long range ~110km. Wings of Fire alludes to it. Norman Palomar the US expert used to write about it in the late 80s.
Since Astra uses tech developed for Trishul SAM and gets a decent range in AAM role, it is plausible that the above range in an AGM role.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by ramana »

pankajs wrote:Agni-V — guidance on chip
Responding to my earlier blog on the advanced chip-embedded guidance system successfuly tested on Agni-V, an expert at the cutting edge of these technologies emailed me the following. It will flesh out the understanding of interested readers so I’m copying it here:
“With regards to your latest article, the “fly-by-wire” concept in the A-5 comes from digitally connected multi-channel communications within its body for the control system, thereby reducing a lot of the cabling that would have otherwise gone into these missiles. This serves to reduce the risk of failure in the missile system and increases dependability.
“With regards to the embedding of the guidance system on chip (SOC), which enables the A-5 to possess superior accuracy, there is indeed an on-board computer on the A-5, which is more powerful than any used in previous vehicles. However, previous computers had severe weight, space, and cooling constraints. The guidance SOC based computers that weigh just 200 grams and possess around 7-10 times greater processing power than their predecessors. The embedded guidance SOC concept requires very little power, imposes much less space constraints, requires far less cooling, and, also very importantly, is not only more reliable and efficient, but also allows for far greater flexibility when choosing the warhead configuration.”
8)

Figure out the 8)!
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by Philip »

What we also need are PGMs which can take out electrical installations similar to those NATO/US used in the Balkans ,where spools of wire fried key Serbian substtaions,etc.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by ramana »

Also a 50 tonne three stage missile with ~ 1 t payload has ~7 km/sec re-entry velocity. That in any case is an all azimuth weapon.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by nits »

India developing radar-destroying Anti-Radiation Missile
India is developing an Anti-Radiation Missile (ARM) which can hugely multiply the strike capabilities by destroying the enemy’s advance warning system.Production of the ARM, which are among the most advanced missiles, is being undertaken on priority basis by the Defence Research and Development Laboratory (DRDL), which specialises in the missile development.

Such missiles can be mounted on Sukhoi fighter planes Su-30 MKI, 140 of which have already been acquired by India from Russia and around 100 more are expected to be delivered in due course of time.
These missile can detect a radar by tracking its electro-magnetic radiation and pulses generated, an official told PTI, adding these would be independent of the radar wavelength and be able to destroy it.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by SaiK »

I am thinking for an advanced ARM, we would require more stealthier skins or coatings, so that the radiating target (moveable ) does not realize the incoming threat, and evade or switch off..

a new design could be an automatic fusion logic that once the target is locked, it keeps a live radiation signature, and once it detects a counter move, the logic quickly scrambles from the locked coordinates using mmw or infra and continue to lock on. a switch mode from passive to active and vice-versa with a smokless pulse engine could devastate any enemy.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by Karan M »

Ramana, thank you. What a validation. Here I was working out that a Trishul sort of motor (and apparently, my memory had failed- it too was a dual pulse one) would be excellent for an ARM (especially one launched at altitude) and you bring out this very interesting nugget!

The ARM brings out yet another "new addition" to IGMDP MK2 or MK3 which is underway, we have Prahaar, Shourya, K-series, Agni series, Pinaka upgraded, Brahmos MK2, Nirbhay, LRCM for the SSM sort of roles, and for the tactical systems we have Akash MK2, BMD, LRSAM/MRSAM, Astra (plus apparently the longer range derivative), in the A2G role we have Helina/Nag MK2 (7km), the new ARM, a new ASM, plus new smart munitions (mother package with baby smart munitions), Sudarshan, the E-bomb, and other stuff. All this news coming out in the past few years.

By the end of this new development series, Saraswat would have finished off Kalam's effort and added his own imprint on India's weapons programs. The constant talk about production means that they have already identified this critical area and are buttressing it.

All said and done, despite irritants of monopoly position etc, BDL and BEL have managed to more or less handle the tough challenges so far. Even hitches like the consortium partner unable to get the goods etc for Akash have been handled by BEL - indicates they can absorb technology and even supplant it at systems level as required. Radar flow is also being maintained. The increasing user tests of Agni series also show that production of Agni is underway at BDL or missile producing agencies in a consistent fashion. Prithvi was stabilized quite a few years back by the same yardstick.

Now, only if land systems development gets out of the hands of the OFB and into the private sector, for reliable, mass manufacture at decent quality!

Saraswat also mentions his team is now looking seriously at CMD - this basically means the next phase of sensor development. We have the missile technology available to knock down cruise missiles. What the team will clearly look at now is persistent sensor coverage to detect, acquire and engage these targets, which means local aerostat based radars, more investment in AEW&C systems.

I don't know how many people noticed that the LSTAR displayed at Defexpo was pretty much a fully scaled up AESA worthy of an AEW&C platform as versus initial reports of it being a smaller version for just test and validation purposes. Not only do they have the hardware ready but have been clearly working on testing the radar, which means software work.

Considering each of these AEW&C platforms costs anywhere from $300-$400 mn nowadays, its money well saved.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by ramana »

KaranM, Will look-up the page number and quote from WOF tonight.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by jaladipc »

For CMD, i think we only need to work a lot in the realization of sensors.

CM`s are the most vulnerable once detected.Even an AAM can bring it down with its mother A/C cruising just right behind it.

Having said that, its only when sub-sonic ones are taken into consideration.For high supersonic and hypersonic is entirely a diff ball game when both detection and interception is concerned.

Maybe we need to mass produce those aerostats capable of carrying large enough radars at a decent altitude to detect all CM`s from atleast a 500km range
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by SaiK »

wouldn't aerostats more vulnerable than ground based movable setup like samyukta and sangraha.. of course the range should be a concern at 500km requirement. Now, we can think of relays based distributed setup, with nodes on highbandwidth secure channel.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by ramana »

Looks like this op-ed was missed!

Beyond Agni 5
Beyond Agni-5
Go for ICBMs and thermonukes, says N.V.Subramanian.

25 April 2012: Now that the slightly over-the-top celebrations of Agni-5's test have ceased, some harsh truths must be told. Agni-5 has a five-thousand-kilometre range and can carry a one-ton nuclear payload. For India's strategic requirements, that is not enough.

Without stating who India's enemies are, the country must have deterrent capacities to reach anywhere, anytime. Since India is also a self-proclaimed second-strike power, it becomes critical to have credible and secure deterrents, and our current inventory is unsatisfactory.

From available evidence, it appears that India will deploy boosted fission warheads on missiles like Agni-5. It confirms that the thermonuclear devise tested on the first day of Pokhran II failed. The boosted fission trigger worked but couldn't ignite the paired fusion bomb.

The Indian nuclear scientific establishment has its own explanation for the low yield of the thermonuclear device. It has never satisfied the world. You can take the attitude that it doesn't matter what the world thinks. In other walks of life, that may work. But not when it comes to deterrent weapons.

Deterrent weapons not only have to be repeatedly tested for perfection. But they must satisfy the rest of the world. Only from world satisfaction comes credibility for a weapon system. If a deterrent is not credible, it is not worth having, and positively dangerous to flaunt.

It is possible that India has built a viable thermonuclear device after the Pokhran II fizzle. But this or a future Indian government will have a hard time testing it, especially as it will have a bearing on the Indo-US nuclear deal and the uranium fuel and reactor contracts flowing from it. Sooner or later, however, India has to overcome the obstacle and test -- and the sooner the better.

The Agni-5 test has produced little protest from major powers, which means there is greater reconciliation to India's military nuclear status. That should give India the creative opportunity and space to test a thermonuclear weapon. To stress, the sooner it is done, the better.

Boosted fission warheads that Agni-5 and longer range missiles are expected to carry have the bang, so to speak. But thermonuclear devices have more bang for the buck. With far better yield-to-weight ratios than fission or boosted-fission devices, smaller and lighter fusion warheads would cause vast destruction at greater distances. Which is where, therefore, Indian weapons' designs and tests must head, if the country must be counted as a serious weapons' power.

Which in turn leads to the quality, Indianness and reach of our missiles. Of course it is not a matter to tom-tom that you have missiles that go to the top end of ICBMs, but there is robust deterrent logic to have them. The longer the range of missiles, the more deployment options you have, and at greater strategic depth.

For example, it cannot make sense to deploy deterrent weapons in Jammu and Kashmir or Assam where they are most vulnerable to a first-strike. The longer the missile range, the further inland it can be deployed. But there are limits to the security of land-based deterrent systems. The Andamans may seem a long way away from the threats from the North and West, but weapons systems deployed there are vulnerable from sea and natural calamities.

A sea-based deterrent is more secure. But whilst it demands the most sophisticated, secure, fool-proof and fail-safe fire control, command and control and informational systems, its foremost requirement, after SSBNs, is long range missiles. And the longer the range of missiles, the more secure your deterrent.

Hence, whilst Agni-5 is a good starting point, India must place no ceiling on the missile range. If an Indian IRBM is acceptable to the world, why not an ICBM? And our need is for the longest range of ICBMs, so that we have secure deterrents deployed in any of the waters of the world. And with tested and perfected thermonuclear weapons, the world would accept the credibility and soundness of our deterrent.

That is where India should be headed.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by jaladipc »

SaiK wrote:wouldn't aerostats more vulnerable than ground based movable setup like samyukta and sangraha.. of course the range should be a concern at 500km requirement. Now, we can think of relays based distributed setup, with nodes on high bandwidth secure channel.
They might be vulnerable, but provided enough defenses, they are the best bet against terrain hugging CM`s.

For supersonic and hypersonic CM`s ground based radars might be sufficient considering that their flying altitude is a min of 10kms? except the end game ground hugging feature.

We cant afford to deploy AWACS 24/7 for surveillance of CM`s and sats is really expensive considering their LEO placement.

A fancy way might be having a CIWS mounted on the aerostat itself.self defending :D
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by suryag »

put the mijjile in abujmad no one has a map of it not even GOI :D
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by SaiK »

^ :rotfl: .
--
It is imperative that protection against CM, but aerostats alone is not a strong solution, rather pretty much weak. terrain hugging low flying CMs have long incubation time considering our neighborhood capability (chippanda club).. even then 300km is what we could think.. let us not give into brahmos like counter missile is already available with our enemies.

From a setup angle, we have time to establish radar network, around cities, important installations, etc. that may include aerostats as some specific area protection rather a all eggs in a basket solution. distributed network is mandatory.. installing on top of all tall buildings, all large ships, all hilltops, etc is a necessacity.

Again, we have to measure our threat perception, and priorities before we suddenly think aerostats is the only way. Once blown to pieces, they provide nothing... they are not just vulnerable, but will cause a grave disaster if shot down [like bikini wearing beach girls].
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by sum »

^^ What is the news on the Astra??

There was a flurry of Ground tests 2 years back and suddenly everything quiet after that?
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by jaladipc »

sum wrote:^^ What is the news on the Astra??

There was a flurry of Ground tests 2 years back and suddenly everything quiet after that?
in the process of guided testing phase from ground with onboard seeker.

Flight tests onboard MKI have been successful. After testing from ground, next will be from air.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by krishnan »

Flight tests inboard MKI were done from ground ???
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by sum »

^^ IIRC, the missile was attached to thepylons but was more for G-testing etc...No air-to-air firing has taken place yet.

The pace of the programme seems to have really fallen off though going by the stage of air-to-air not being reached even after 4-5 years after the initial ground tests.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by jaladipc »

krishnan wrote:Flight tests inboard MKI were done from ground ???
If my memory serves right, they were done in late 2009 and then in early 2010.

After that couple more tests of ground firing done. Now integration with seeker and all done and will be tested soon.Once the ground tests against electronic target and towed target done, then will be firing from MKI. They are also speeding up the process now, under the new fast tracking orders received from MOD. Might get to see firing from MKI in the early 2013.

Also a kabhootar told me that the new version MKII(langggg range) was being prioritized at the same time. Technically they are running two AAM projects at the same time.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by jaladipc »

SaiK wrote:^ :rotfl: .
--
It is imperative that protection against CM, but aerostats alone is not a strong solution, rather pretty much weak. terrain hugging low flying CMs have long incubation time considering our neighborhood capability (chippanda club).. even then 300km is what we could think.. let us not give into brahmos like counter missile is already available with our enemies.

From a setup angle, we have time to establish radar network, around cities, important installations, etc. that may include aerostats as some specific area protection rather a all eggs in a basket solution. distributed network is mandatory.. installing on top of all tall buildings, all large ships, all hilltops, etc is a necessacity.

Again, we have to measure our threat perception, and priorities before we suddenly think aerostats is the only way. Once blown to pieces, they provide nothing... they are not just vulnerable, but will cause a grave disaster if shot down [like bikini wearing beach girls].
I was just working with google unkil and found this concept of US
“The JLENS system consists of four main components: the aerostats, the radars, the mooring station and the processing station. The aerostats are unmanned, tethered, non-rigid aerodynamic structures filled with a helium/air mix. The aerostats are 77 yards long (three-fourths of a football field) and almost as wide as a football field. The aerostats must be large enough to lift the heavy radars that provide the system’s extended range. The radars are optimized for their separate, specific functions, but weigh several tons each. The surveillance radar searches very long distances to find small radar cross-section tracks before they can threaten friendly assets. The fire control radar looks out at shorter ranges than the surveillance radar, but provides highly accurate data to help identify and classify tracks while providing fire control quality data to a variety of interceptors. The two aerostats are connected to the ground via tethers through which power and data is transmitted. The tethers enables the aerostats to operate at altitudes of up to 15,000 feet and contain power lines, fiber-optic data lines and Kevlar-strengthened strands surrounded by an insulated protective sleeve. The tethers connect to mobile mooring stations that anchor the aerostats to the ground and control their deployment and retrieval. The mooring stations are connected to ground-mounted power plants and processing stations. The processing stations are the brains of the whole system. Each processing station contains an operator workstation, a flight-director control station, weather-monitoring equipment and a computer that controls radar functions and processes radar data.”
http://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/jle ... ore-02921/
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by NRao »

Huge scope for exporting weapon system:DRDO chief
He also informed that the controlled navigation flight trial of Long-Range surface-to-air missile (LR-SAM) would be conducted in June which will be followed by a series of flight tests to prove complete efficacy of the system.

"By 2013 you will see LR-SAM completing its flight trial and it is expected to be inducted in 2014," Saraswat said adding the Medium Range surface-to-air missile (MR-SAM) was also getting ready, being in advanced stage of development and is likely to get into service by 2015.
Confidence!!!!!
Go for ICBMs and thermonukes, says N.V.Subramanian.
Cool, someone to back me!!! :wink:

There is a very small window, in which India can test and get away.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by srai »

NRao wrote:Huge scope for exporting weapon system:DRDO chief
He also informed that the controlled navigation flight trial of Long-Range surface-to-air missile (LR-SAM) would be conducted in June which will be followed by a series of flight tests to prove complete efficacy of the system.

"By 2013 you will see LR-SAM completing its flight trial and it is expected to be inducted in 2014," Saraswat said adding the Medium Range surface-to-air missile (MR-SAM) was also getting ready, being in advanced stage of development and is likely to get into service by 2015.
...
It looks like the following:
  • LR-SAM -> IN version (previously also called Barak-NG)
  • MR-SAM -> IAF version (previously also called Barak-8)
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by svinayak »

NRao wrote:
Go for ICBMs and thermonukes, says N.V.Subramanian.
Cool, someone to back me!!! :wink:

There is a very small window, in which India can test and get away.
Of course it will be done. It is just a simple matter of timing.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by Singha »

a small and efficient 300kg variable yield design with tests for 100KT, 250KT and 400KT is what we need. we can test the same untested device over a couple of days at various yield levels. should provide a complete picture. we can also do repeat test in the same series of Shakti devices that work and form current arsenal for Agni series.

a series of around 10 tests spread over a week should give us enough confidence for the next leg of the Great Game. the howling if any wont be any worse for 10 test vs 1 test, so might as well do 10 if needed.

we can also gather data about latest chinese designs in the retaliatory series of paki tests that will follow after 2 weeks.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by member_20453 »

For the ARM, Shaurya can already be used as a potent long range ARM to destroy long range early warning and over the horizon radars. It only needs work on the seeker, i think K-15 should also have this long range ARM capability, could be great in destroying the enemy's early warning radars. furthermore we could deploy these quietly with subs or road canisterized lauchers. for mid range radars we do need a air launched ARM, ideally with a range of around 150 km+.

I think shaurya and Sagarika should be used primarily as tactical conventional attack missiles to take out key enemy targets including long range early warning assets. they have the speed. Just have a conventional warhead with CL-20 and watch while this highly capable missile take out super critical targets at a decent range. Take out the early warning systems and the skies are open for surprise attacks.

A mini air launched shaurya could be developed with a max range of around 200 to take out SAM radars.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by Singha »

they are working on a smaller brahmos per reports. this can have a ARM seeker as well. perhaps the new ARM is just a variant of this missile or maybe a Akash derivative ie solid fuel ramjet.

good point about Shourya/Sagarika ability to target upto the first line of ABM radar and the last line of SAM radar behind the frontlines. these big radars will usually be trailer mounted and static when operational. if IMINT/SIGINT can quickly localize them, we can send a shourya which will cover the distance to target 600km in 10 mins.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by SaiK »

can somebody list out all ARM target types?
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by member_20453 »

http://www.google.be/imgres?q=shaurya+m ... =84&ty=105

Shaurya and Sagarika have ranges of 700 km with a 1 ton payload, a Anti radiation warhead doesn't have to weigh 1 ton, matter of fact we can have a 200 kg warhead filled CL-20 with an ARM seeker and behold, the explosive, speed of missile would effectively destroy even the largest of ABM, over the horizon and early warning radars, the last shaurya test proved it can reach its full range of 700 km in 500 seconds or 8.33 mins. With a small warhead, we can essentially hit targets over 1500 km away with a very effective weapon system. I think Shaurya can be primary our primarylong range tactical attack missile. We could have a few types of warheads on it, thermobaric, nuclear, bio, chemical, bunker busting etc. I think we should embark on a new ambitious battle cruiser project, around 12 large ships with, 12 Sagarikas in VLS like Arihant, 2 * 8 cell VLS Brahmos 2, LR-SAM or SM-3 etc.

Pinaka is also something unique, I think we can also put Pinaka on small missile boats, would be ideal in clearing beach heads before beach landings. Work is on for upgraded 60 km Pinaka, we could easily navalise these, furthermore, missile boats have enough space to carry a large amount of Pinaka ammo.

I think, Brahmos (1/2/Mini), Pinaka, High speed low drag bombs, Nag, Shaurya, Sagarika, all ammo types starting 51mm, 81 mm, 120 mm motars, 84 mm, 105 mm and 155 mm projectiles must have CL-20. Tis time to up the ante.

The current shortage in ammo is a perfect opportunity for some very quick developement, we don't need any radical changes in design for these, just change the material being filled in the bombs, over night we can turn into the deadliest force on the planet.

CL-20 being expensive can also be tackled since huge volumes will certainly make it cheaper.

Mini shaurya should weigh a max of 11150kg so it can deployed on the LCA as well with a range of around 150 km+
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by Kanson »

200 kg explosive payload for destroying Radar units? My goodness! If I'm not wrong ARM missiles come with much lesser payload.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by SaiK »

I am thinking off only moveable ARM targets, perhaps the one like samyuktas and like. Fixed installation larger dishes can be toast with a small high explosive. Of course, it depends on how much of destruction you want to cause.. the facilities and electronics, buildings complex etc., then you need bunk busters.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by Singha »

the KH31P has a 87kg warhead.

perhaps rather than a single heavy warhead, we need a intelligent submunition to hit the place with a half dozen 40kg warheads or a cloud of cluster munitions and wreck not just the radar but the whole area of support vehicles, masts etc.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by srai »

Singha wrote:...

perhaps rather than a single heavy warhead, we need a intelligent submunition to hit the place with a half dozen 40kg warheads or a cloud of cluster munitions and wreck not just the radar but the whole area of support vehicles, masts etc.
Sounds like you want to achieve DEAD (Destruction of Enemy Air Defenses) instead of SEAD (Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses) ;)
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by Kersi D »

srai wrote:
Singha wrote:...

perhaps rather than a single heavy warhead, we need a intelligent submunition to hit the place with a half dozen 40kg warheads or a cloud of cluster munitions and wreck not just the radar but the whole area of support vehicles, masts etc.
Sounds like you want to achieve DEAD (Destruction of Enemy Air Defenses) instead of SEAD (Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses) ;)
An Israeli defence bigwig said that the best ECM/ESM is a 1000 pounder down the radar antenna.

So DEAD is better than SEAD.

But I guess to achive DEAD may be more difficult than to get SEAD

K
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by SaiK »

Both are different mission profile, and needs different sets of ARMing.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by Varoon Shekhar »

http://flonnet.com/stories/20120518290912400.htm

T.S Subramanian comes through again with another very fine write up. BTW, there are 2 more articles in the same issue.
ramana
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by ramana »

Varoon Shekhar wrote:http://flonnet.com/stories/20120518290912400.htm

T.S Subramanian comes through again with another very fine write up. BTW, there are 2 more articles in the same issue.

Good find. TSS out does himself all the time.

A few worthy excerpts
At 8-07 a.m., as the Agni-V shot out smoothly from its launch pad, roared into the sky and built up a powerful thrust, there was no doubt about the mission's success. The three stages ignited on time and their separation was clean and precise. The missile climbed to a height of about 600 km before starting to descend. The powered flight, with the three stages igniting and separating, lasted about 220 seconds. As each stage fired and decoupled, the MCC and the adjacent hall reverberated with applause. There was a long gap between the third stage separation and the re-entry vehicle knifing into the atmosphere at an altitude of 100 km. After the third stage separated and the re-entry vehicle was ejected at a velocity of about six km a second, the mood in the MCC was relaxed.

The DRDO's missile technologists were sure that “the re-entry vehicle will not go anywhere”. Even if no data were available after the powered flight phase got over, “we would have known precisely where the re-entry vehicle had gone”, they said. In fact, when the third stage ejected the re-entry vehicle at a velocity of 6 km a second, it became the fastest travelling object made by India, speeding at 25 Mach, or 25 times the speed of sound.

“The third stage separation was the determining point,” Sekaran explained later. “After that, gravity takes over. Subsequently, nothing will happen. Nothing can happen also. It [the re-entry vehicle] is a free body travelling under gravity. It becomes what you call a ballistic flight.”
So it was pure ballistic re-entry. Makes the accurate splashdown even more important.

With its weight of 1.1 tonnes and low drag coefficient (note the sharp nose tip) its a high beta body.
The re-entry vehicle itself is a technological marvel, housing the missile's avionics and the nuclear warhead. Indeed, it houses all the electronics systems for navigation, guidance and control and the on-board computers. The avionics are within the missile's nose cone, which is made of carbon-carbon composites. The re-entry vehicle is protected by a heat shield, which is made out of carbon composite fibre. In this mission, the Agni-V carried a warhead that mimicked a nuclear bomb but without the radioactive material....

After about 20 minutes of flight, when the dummy warhead carrying explosives erupted into a fireball and hit the waters of the Indian Ocean somewhere between Australia and Madagascar, another round of applause rang out in the MCC. The re-entry vehicle's impact point in the Indian Ocean was more than 5,000 km from Dhamra in the Bay of Bengal. The fireball was captured by cameras on three naval ships stationed downrange near the impact point. Agni-V was a spectacular success on its maiden flight itself.



Here the fireball is seen above the waters and not after the spalshdown. This is the normal way. So I don't know what Mr Luthra was listening to when he mentions the reverse.

The witnessing of the splashdown by the three ships shows the confidence in the accuracy of the spalshdown.

With India having declared a “no first-use policy”, the significance of the success is that it will for the first time provide India with a true deterrence. It will also provide India with a powerful second-strike capability to retaliate if any other country attacks India with nuclear weapons, DRDO officials said.
...
Sekaran argued that “the critical, deciding factor was the propulsion” system used in the three stages of the missiles. This was the first time that the DRDO was test-firing a three-stage missile, all powered by solid propellants. And it took just three years to design, develop and test-fire Agni-V, with the Union government sanctioning the project in 2008. “The time taken from designing the vehicle to flying it is only three years. It is a historic record. There is no doubt about that in my mind,” Sekaran said.

...
While Agni-III missiles ejected the re-entry vehicle at a velocity of 4.2 km a second, Agni-V ejected it at a velocity of 6 km a second. “This is a new dispensation in terms of higher velocity. At the end of the day, you have to survive the re-entry and then only you can deliver. The particular heat shield we made for Agni-V is the strength of the ASL,” the ASL Director said.

As the re-entry vehicle comes down through the atmosphere from an altitude of 100 km to a lower altitude, the atmosphere's density keeps increasing. Once the density increases, the re-entry vehicle's deceleration breaks and the heat generated keeps shooting up. It is akin to speeding in a car when brakes are suddenly applied and people seated in the car lurch forward. “In this case, the systems are qualified for 100 G. The survivability of the re-entry vehicle is a critical area,” Sekaran said. (The re-entry phase lasts 40 seconds to 50 seconds.)

...
Although the ASL had made heat shields for previous Agni missions including that of Agni-III, the shape, size, diameter and angle of the heat shield for Agni-V was different. The heat shield's diameter in Agni-V was 1.5 metres, while it was 1.2 metres for Agni-III.

{A5 payload is different configuration than the A3! One can calculate the beta from above data for both bodies. A5 RV has higher surface area parameter than the A3. We already knwo the weights 1.1 tonne vs 1.5 tonne respectively. Assume Cd ~0.15 for a cone with radius.}

Another strength of the ASL lay in designing and developing motors propelled by solid fuel for Agni missions. For the Agni-V test flight also, the ASL designed and developed solid motors for its three stages. Besides, it developed the all-important light-weight composite for the second- and third-stage motors, which led to a reduction in their weight but far better performance. A crucial step towards developing Agni-V was taken when the ASL developed in 2007 a large rocket motor casing made entirely of carbon-filament wound composite. This casing, developed indigenously, formed the third upper stage of Agni-V. The casing went through full qualification trials in 2007.

“We never went out. The static testing of the motors was done in the same organisation [in various units of the ASL]. This is a formidable combination,” said Sekaran. The ASL also established its expertise in high-performance composites. It developed the composites for the missile motor casings and nose cone and established the process parameters for them. Then the technology was transferred to the industry for fabricating these composites. “The nose cone was fully made out of carbon composites developed by the ASL. It withstood a temperature of more than 5,0000C. You cannot make it out of metal. If you do so, the weight will shoot up,” he added.

Systems engineering is also one of the strengths of the ASL because it specialises in building up from what it already has. With the addition of a third upper stage and with minor modifications, the two-stage Agni-III metamorphosed into an awesome Agni-V. Yet the weight remained the same for both vehicles despite the addition of a third upper stage to Agni-V because the second- and third-stage motor casings were made out of light-weight composites. A lighter missile can be easily transported by rail or on road. Besides, it can carry a payload over a longer range.

In an interview to Frontline in May 2008, Chander pointed to the DRDO developing a large rocket motor casing made entirely of carbon-filament wound fibre and said, “This is a major breakthrough because it provides us the key technology for going into longer missions with light-weight missiles.... We have flight-tested Agni-III twice successfully. When we want to go in for missiles with higher ranges, one key technology is the rocket motor casing. That has been developed now” ( Frontline, June 06, 2008).

The RCI developed the navigation system for Agni-V, and its architect was the young G. Satheesh Reddy, Associate Director, RCI. “Our navigation for Agni-V was different from the one used for Agni-IV. It was a redundant, reliable system with high-performance and accuracy,” he said. Agni-V had two navigation systems: ring-laser gyro-based system and a micro-navigation system with good accuracy. Fault-tolerant features were incorporated into the navigation system and on-board computers. “Our on-board computers have been developed in such a way that they can recover transient failures. Besides, the entire data computation in avionics is highly reliable and robust,” he said.

The important technology of the inertial navigation system, guidance and control used in Agni-V was the brainchild of the RCI, said S.K. Chaudhury, its Director. All the systems were validated by advanced simulation at the RCI. The DRDL's role in the mission was to characterise the vehicle.

The DRDO's attention is now focussed on the next Agni-V launch from a canister and a road-mobile launcher in early 2013. The Shourya and the BrahMos missiles were launched many times from a canister. Chander said the DRDO had set up a facility at Shamirpet, near Hyderabad, for missile ejection tests using a gas-generator from a canister. The road-mobile launcher would be ready in May. With Agni-V scheduled to be inducted into the Army by 2015, there would be six flight tests, including three pre-induction trials.

Total flight time was 20 minutes ~1200 secs

Powered flight was 220 secs
Re-entry was 40-50 secs.
Rest was coasting.

Apogee was 600km. One can figure out the exact range.
SaiK
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

Post by SaiK »

So, the mid course started after third stage separation, and lasted about 940secs. does that mean the RVs were all by themselves during the mid course without any nozzles. Ballistics means no nozzle tested this time. correct?
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