SK: I would like to begin the interview with the regional context, Central Asia and South Asia fall in a different political configuration all together where we see an economic integration. We have been hearing this for the pat 62 years that Pakistan’s location is very strategic, Central Asia and South Asia are connected to each other through Pakistan, but today we see that Central Asia and South Asia are silently moving closer to each other. Do you think Pakistan will have any role in this whatsoever or is Pakistan on one side?
SMQ: I believe that Pakistan has a very important role to play in all of this and Pakistan’s role is now being recognised by everyone as well. You must have seen that the new policy implemented by the Obama administration, they have spoken about the regional approach in that particular policy. Today Russia is trying to re-engage itself with the Central Asian Republics, which were previously part of the Soviet Union. The world right now is going through a serious energy crisis and the Central Asian Republics are rich in energy resources, secondly they are growing markets. They have a population there and the population is steadily increasing, and that’s why people can now see various opportunities, beyond Afghanistan into Central Asia. And if that needs to be done, you know that Pakistan is the hub, which has to be used because you are aware of the fact that many Central Asian Republics are land-locked. They are not accessible through the sea, and therefore Pakistan behaves as a very natural trade corridor to them. We have man power, we have skilled labor, we have a lot of opportunities here, the Government policy here is such that it is giving incentives to the private sector for investments, so what I am trying to say is that people can come and install their capacities here for markets into Afghanistan and beyond.
SK: But what have we done practically? We did not open these routes and trade corridors for the last 62 years, we did not recognise our strategic position and today we see that India has constructed a highway from Iran with an investment of a Billion dollars?
SMQ: If you go back 60 years, you will see that this region was different back then, the former Soviet Union did not have their own independent policy and they used to follow the policies of Russia and the former Soviet Union. Today they are trying to establish relations with other countries; they have made it very clear that they are willing to have their own independent foreign policy. When I was visiting Tajikistan with the President recently, they made it clear to us that they were willing to build and establish economic relations with Pakistan. Location-wise, we are both on either sides of Afghanistan and that is why they are willing to have regional connectivity with us, by means of roads and railways in order to make trading easier. China is one of the biggest growing countries of this region when it comes to economy, we have been seeing an outstanding amount of growth taking place there, even today they are touching 9-10%, and that is why they see a lot of potential. Then the Western part of China, that part which is connected to these republics, is comparatively less developed; now you know that China’s policy is towards the West as they have made significant development everywhere else, now all their future investments and infrastructure developments are gradually coming here. Naturally, the needs and requirements will increase here as a result of that, their energy requirements can also be fulfilled from here and in this way again, Pakistan is going to provide them with a corridor to make all this possible. So I think there are a lot of opportunities present here in Pakistan.
SK: Now tell me, if we have to move forward in this and become a regional power, and utilise our strategic location, I think it is very important to change the mind set of our people. An MOU was signed between Pakistan and Afghanistan in the United Stated of America, it was signed in America and the leadership should have sold that agreement to the people,
if India is part of the transit trade then everyone should have been told about it, but instead some hype was created in the media followed by some criticism and then it all died down eventually.
SMQ: The transit Trade Agreement does seem to be the topic of discussions these days, and what we are trying to negotiate, that is between Afghanistan and Pakistan. It was a bilateral arrangement that had been going on between us, and the last agreement was signed in 1964 and you know that there is a huge time period between 1964 and 2009 and a lot of changes has also taken place over the years, there are a lot of new ideas and new needs and requirements today, apart from that trading has also changed a great deal over this time. So it was being thought to renew that agreement and therefore discussions were being held between Afghanistan and Pakistan, we even exchanged a draft with each other and now we have signed the MOU. We decided that we have to sign this new agreement before the 31st of December 2009, we think this will be very beneficial to Afghanistan and obviously it will be greatly beneficial to Pakistan as well because the balance of trade between Pakistan and Afghanistan, is in Pakistan’s favor and the total consumptive requirement of Afghanistan is being fulfilled by Pakistan.
SK: India does not have any role in this?
SMQ:
No, India is not playing any role in this agreement.
SK: is it a regional agreement?
SMQ:
It is a regional agreement, that is true but it goes with Afghanistan and beyond. This Transit Trade that we are doing is between Pakistan and Afghanistan as well as with the countries beyond Afghanistan, which are the Central Asian countries. This is what the agreement is about and we are planning to reach till Afghanistan and the countries beyond it, through this agreement.
If we have to make any agreements with India, we will do it bilaterally and that will not be done through this particular agreement.
SK: And when can we expect that to happen?
SMQ: That depends upon the overall situation of the country, you are well aware of the fact that
Pakistan was showing positive behavior when this Government took over{what is the 'positive behaviour' of any country ? }, we tried our utmost to make the relations better and friendlier, but then the Mumbai incident became a huge barrier and
even today Indian has not managed to come out of and recover from the Mumbai incident hangover. I am going to New York and I plan to meet their Foreign Minister there soon so lets see what outcome we get from that meeting.
SK: Are you expecting something positive from the meeting? Because Mr. Krishna has stated that terrorism and dialogue cannot coexist.
SMQ: I think I will try to show him the other side of the canvas, I am going to try and tell him that we should think big, and there should be no limits. If we want peace in this region, if we want stability, if we want democracy, if we want economic development, and if we want to boost our bilateral trade, if we want to renew the true purpose of SAARC, then in my opinion, we will have to change the way we think and behave. The Mumbai incident was undoubtedly very unfortunate, I condemned it then and I still condemn it but this does not mean that we forget to move forward from Mumbai and become hostages, and hand over our agendas to the terrorists so that they can create bad feelings between the two countries by such acts of terrorism. We do not want to do that, we wish to co-operate and we wish to tell them that similar incidents are taking place in our country as well, we have new stories of terrorism every other day, every other day you hear of bomb blasts and innocent people dying in our country and this is all affecting our economy badly,
we are victims as well, just the way that they are.{Very smart, eh ?} We want them to join us in trying to find solutions to this problem.
SK: What do you think aboutMr Man Mohan Singh, and his statements?
SMQ: I think that Mr. Man Mohan Singh, Prime Minister of India is a thinking person. His behavior has been very appropriate in the past and it has been positive as well. Unfortunately, he has become a victim of the internal politics there, and these
internal politics are pressurising him to such an extent that he is not able to say what he really wants to say. I think that all the interaction that we have ever had with India,
privately, their behavior has been different the whole time and publicly they tend to take a belligerent stand in order to pacify their domestic audience.
SK: Despite the fact that Congress has always supported and backed him up? Even Miss Sonia Gandhi supported him.
SMQ: See, whatever was decided at the Sharmosheikh, I believe that was very positive. The engagement that took place there was a very constructive engagement and the whole world appreciated it, everyone said that this is the only sensible course available to the two neighbors. What other way do we have apart from having dialogues? Any other way apart from dialogues is not effective enough, and undoubtedly the way that India want to progress economically, of course
they have their dreams too, they too {in addition to Pakistan, that is } want to emerge as a regional power, if they want to increase their importance in this region, then obviously they would want peace in this region. That is the only way.