Cities are either grown from (very?) old settlements or designed ground up.khatvaanga wrote:I am not sure if this was already discussed here, but I was talking to someone about urban infra in India, and he made a comment on why India doesnt look at hub-and-spoke model for all its metros? The biggest challenges in second rung cities as opposed to metros are
1. Education
2. Employment Opportunities
3. Healthcare
4. Amenities
with infra getting better, accessibility to metros from 2nd rung towns / cities are getting better. in other words, the time it takes to get to a metro from a town is reducing and will reduce further. So this would more or less take care of point 3 - healthcare.
Here is a list of cities that were planned. Mind-boggling. But, "planned" has a diff meaning across time. So, an Athens that was planned is not the same as Chandigarh or Decca. So, second rung cities might, over time, become a point on a spoke for a metro, but that is not the same as a hub-and-spoke design, which has from the start an intent. After all, there is a field called urban planning, where people from a variety of fields sit and "design" a city/metro.
Unfortunately, cities/urban areas do not behave that a way. One has to justify a need for an alternate transport system. Need to remember a city is like a ballon, you increase pressure somewhere, it exerts pressure elsewhere, many a time in an unintended way. And with very fierce competition for funds (read: political backing) ideas rarely leave the drawing board.tandav wrote:As indicated in videos below I would like to see most of Urban India people mobility system start to be replaced by Human + Battery operated system
I have always been very, very wary of and in fact predicted that the disruptive alternatives (like Uber, Lyft, electric scooters, etc) will eventually fail. The reason is simple, these alternative do not take into account all aspects of "transportation".
Tesla is one exception IMVVHO.