Indian Space Program: News & Discussion - Sept 2016

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RonyKJ
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by RonyKJ »

It is high time that either ISRO or the state builds an airport at Sullurpeta, the small town near SHAR. It would save a lot of time in transporting satellite payloads from Bangalore. I would think that a convoy travelling at 10mph is going to create congestion on the roadways during its 34 hour trip.
ISRO also needs a runway for the landings of RLV-TD which could be at SHAR if deemed safe.
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by SSSalvi »

Chennai is not far .. If possible they would have flown chartered flights TRV-MAA all these days.

RLV Landing strip currently being used in US is 4kms+ long, made of special high friction concrete about 15in thick.
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by arshyam »

Or re-purpose an airfield north of Chennai for ease of access. That will keep the S'kota island clear for developmental flights - RLV, etc.

Sholavaram is a good candidate - north of the city, just off NH-5, only 80km away from the island.

https://goo.gl/maps/UwoS4aFj2Dv
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by Rishi_Tri »

arun wrote:GSLV Mk 2 launch scheduled for May 5th when GSLV 09 will boost GSAT-9 aka South Asia Satellite into Geo Stationary Orbit:

ISRO to launch South Asia Satellite on 5 May, Pakistan not on board

Sadly no mention of a launch date for the GSLV Mk-III aka LVM3 in the article :(
Been looking forward to Mk III launch for sometime. Anything on why taking so long or why the delay? Cryogenic performance issues or new things to work on discovered!!
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by Varoon Shekhar »

The GSLV Mark 3 is now scheduled to launch in the first week of June. It's infuriating, because they first announced December 2016 with certainty, then postponed it slightly to Jan 27, then to March, to April, May, finally June. Perhaps the problem lies in the cavalier publicity division of ISRO, over eager to announce launch dates, based on something they hear from within.
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by sanjaykumar »

It's the culture. Accept it, move on. I don't expect any better.
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by prasannasimha »

Its not so simple they give a time line but when problems creep up or things need to be validated - would you jeopardize the whole program or delay till testing is completed ? These are things being developed and not things that are already in production- can you predict whether you will be alive tomorrow with uncertainty ? How will you be able to predict a complex system with high chances of failure with the slightest error ?
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by Bheeshma »

The delay is acceptable with LVM-III but the fact that even GSLV-II gets pushed back is sad. Lets hope for successful launches anyway. I think with PSLV there is a lot more confidence in ISRO and GSLV-II should get there by 2018-19.
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by sanjaykumar »

prasannasimha wrote:Its not so simple they give a time line but when problems creep up or things need to be validated - would you jeopardize the whole program or delay till testing is completed ? These are things being developed and not things that are already in production- can you predict whether you will be alive tomorrow with uncertainty ? How will you be able to predict a complex system with high chances of failure with the slightest error ?

You do see the obvious logical fallacy here.

How will you be able to predict a complex system with high chances of failure with the slightest error ?

The same way they predicted a launch in December 2016.
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by Gagan »

They are planning an airstrip on the Sriharikota Island itself near the ASLV launch pad and the old DRDO launch pad
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by Aarvee »

I am hoping to be at Sullurpet around the launch time and witness it. Can any one suggest any good vantage points?
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by SSSalvi »

Gagan wrote:They are planning an airstrip on the Sriharikota Island itself near the ASLV launch pad and the old DRDO launch pad
We had been hearing that since quite some years. But no progress. No mention in Budget doc.
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by Supratik »

Mk2 is still experimental. Should not be confused with PSLV. These types of delays will happen with new systems. ISRO is not north Korea that it will test just for the heck of it. We will need to see timelines once MK2 is commercially operationalized. Even then you can face technical delays.
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by prasannasimha »

^ You missed the point - there is a higher inabity to give an accurate prediction in those systems. Good if it works out as per plan but there are so many ifs and buts against the best case scenario.
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by Varoon Shekhar »

I wish they would at least give an explanation as to what is causing the delay. Even a hint, without of course revealing any confidential information or propriety know-how. Actually, I am mistaken in referring to the publicity division of ISRO as the only culprit. ISRO officials themselves, top scientists and directors, very confidently asserted a December 2016 launch in September 2016, after the successful GSLV F05/Insat 3Dr mission. Nothing like a tentative We hope to have the flight in 3 months time, but a rather cocky prediction of a December mission. So dont they feel they owe the public some kind of explanation, or are the people simply unimportant to them on these matters
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by Indranil »

I don't think they owe us explanations for the delays. But I am in the group of people who believe that they don't have to publish target dates and then go back on them. They can publish the date whenever they are absolutely sure.
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by srai »

Indranil wrote:I don't think they owe us explanations for the delays. But I am in the group of people who believe that they don't have to publish target dates and then go back on them. They can publish the date whenever they are absolutely sure.
Problem with publicly announced timelines is that in some people's mind that gets set in stone. People fail to see if timelines have changed due to various reasons, which may or may not be announced to the public. For complex projects, timelines will change more often than not. Estimation is not an exact science. There are many moving parts and any of them could cause delays to the overall. One may think certain thing is doable within x amount of time but only to realize that it's going to take a lot more time after digging in deeper. Every detail (and revisions) won't be announced to the public. IMO, ISRO/DRDO et al should not announce hard dates to the public. They should make it more cryptic by only announcing anticipated number of months/years for project completion and with caveats (i.e. provided following conditions are met etc).
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by SSridhar »

Good news guys. Launches are not far away.

ISRO planning 3 satellite launches in May: Director P V Venkitakrishnan - ToI
CHENNAI: Isro is planning three launches in May including GSLV MK-II carrying the South Asia Satellite and the first developmental flight of GSLV MK-III, capable of lifting a 4-tonne payload, said P V Venkitakrishnan, director, Isro Propulsion Complex on Tuesday.

Speaking on the sidelines of the 58th Institute Day of IIT Madras, Venkitakrishnan said there would be at least a 25-day gap between GSLV MK-II, scheduled to be launched early in the month, and GSLV MK-III planned for the end of May. The time between the two launches will enable scientists to refurbish the stages, as both the rockets will take off from the same launch pad. Isro chairman Kiran Kumar had earlier said GSLV MK-II would be launched on May 5.

PSLV C38 is also planned for next month, but the launch will happen depending on the priority and availability of the satellites, Venkitakrishnan said. "The vehicles are ready," he added.

Expressing confidence over the success of the first developmental flight of GSLV MK-III powered by an indigenous cryogenic upper stage, Venkitakrishnan said they would have two more developmental flights to optimise its payload capacity before reaching the operational phase.

"When we did the first stage test for 50 seconds on the cryogenic upper stage for MK-III, we did not face any problem. We did it right in the first go and I don't think there will be any problem in the first flight," he said.
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by arun »

^^^ If ISRO lofts both the GSLV marks in May, I will forgive ISRO for the PSLV launch slipping to June.
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by arun »

New plant to manufacture DiNitrogen Tetroxide (N2O4) for use as an oxidiser in ISRO’s liquid fuelled rocket engines to be set up by National Fertiliser Ltd. (NFL) in Madhya Pradesh. Plant to come up by January 2019 and have a capacity of 1095MT p.a.:
National Fertilizers to set up dinitrogen tetroxide plant for ISRO

It will invest Rs 350 crores for the 1095-MTPA propellant plant, which will be located at Guna (MP)

Rakesh Rao | Mumbai April 19, 2017 Last Updated at 12:16 IST

National Fertilizers Ltd (NFL) will set up a production plant for dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4) at its Vijaipur (Guna, Madhya Pradesh) site for ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation) with an investment of Rs 350 crores. The company has received a letter of intent (LoI) from Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota (SDSC-SHAR) for establishing the plant on build, own, operate & supply model. ISRO had invited tenders for establishing the dinitrogen tetroxide plant in August 2016.

Nitrogen tetroxide is used as oxidiser in specific stages of rocket launch vehicles launched by ISRO and also used for ground testing of specific engines and stages of launch vehicles.

Debt-ridden public sector undertaking (PSU) Hindustan Organic Chemicals Limited (HOCL) is the sole producer of N2O4 for ISRO. With N2O4 production continuing intermittently at HOCL, experts believe ISRO has been looking at setting up a new plant for assured supply of this key chemical.

As per the LoI, National Fertilizers’ N2O4 plant will have capacity of around 1095 MT per annum (or 3 tonnes per day). The company plans to start construction work for the project in July 2017, with commissioning expected in the next 18 months. NFL will supply the product exclusively to SDSC-SHAR under long term agreement for 25 years period.
From Business Standard:

Clicky
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by Varoon Shekhar »

arun wrote:^^^ If ISRO lofts both the GSLV marks in May, I will forgive ISRO for the PSLV launch slipping to June.
Same here! :D Two GSLV's in one month, or in the span of one month( May 5-June 5) will be very impressive, and unprecedented in India. And if PSLV-38 also goes up in that period, ISRO will earn credit in the forgiveness department :D A delay in the next mission after these, will be excused 8)
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by SSridhar »

After Mars, ISRO decides it’s time to probe Venus - Madhumathi D.S. - The Hindu

Venus, described as Earth's twin sister, is similar to our planet in size, mass, density, gravity, and is also believed to be around 4.5 billion years old. PTI
It’s official. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has invited scientists to suggest studies for a potential orbiter mission to Venus - somewhat similar to the one that landed in Mars in 2013.

ISRO plans to send a spacecraft that will initially go around Venus in an elliptical orbit before getting closer to the ‘Yellow Planet’. It will carry instruments weighing 175 kg and using 500W of power. The scientific community has been told to suggest space-based studies by May 19.


"The Announcement of Opportunity [AO] is just the beginning. The studies must be finalised, a project report would have to be presented and approved. A formal mission may not happen before 2020," a senior ISRO official told The Hindu.

A mission must be approved by ISRO's Advisory Committee on Space Sciences, then the Space Commission and later by the government.

Venus, the second planet from the Sun, comes closest to Earth roughly every 583 days, or about 19 months.

Venus, our closest planetary neighbour, is similar to Earth in many aspects. However, it takes only 225 days to revolve around the Sun. Secondly, the surface is very hot due to nearness to the Sun.

India's previous and second planetary outing, the record-setting Rs. 450-crore Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) of 2013, continues to impress. The orbiter is going round the Red Planet even as you read this — well beyond its planned life of six months.

An orbiter sent to the Moon in 2008 was delivering data until about three months before its estimated life span. A second Moon landing mission is planned in early 2018.
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by disha »

Jingoes on this thread will wring their hands and do rona-dhona when launch of their fav. launcher is delayed.

Jingoes on this thread will wring their hands and do rona-dhona when launch of airstrip construction is proposed but never undertaken.

Jingoes on this thread will ALSO wring their hands and do rona-dhona when a launch fails.

Point is - there is one constant - Jingoes on this thread will wring their hands and do rona-dhona. :-D

In a way., it is a good thing. At least we are expecting results from ISRO and the bar has been set so high. Unlike the days of ASLV where there were two launch failures consecutively and one had to wait for almost half a decade to get some good news.

Launch delays can happen several reasons., and yes launch schedules can slip. Based on new information coming in. Based on discovery of some new protocols that may cause a future problem or mitigate a problem and that needs to be implemented. Launch delays can also happen because the launcher is ready but the payload is not. Or the payload is ready but the tracking system is not. Or everything is ready but the launch window is not available.

Remember, for launching 100+ satellites ISRO had to manage several thousand variables. And each variable is a test point. We would not know the number of variables going into GSLV-MK III until we hear after launch comments.

ISRO does lot of good things and lot of not so good things. If I have to wring my hands and do rona-dhona., I will do on the following:

1. Their website. They have improved it - but still it is 4/10 IMHO
2. Their launch coverage. It is: -1/10.
3. They did hear some jingoes on this thread (or so we can lead ourselves to believe) and put cameras on the launch. Still on the video coverage - I will give them 1/10. Where is the high speed color camera capturing every moment of the launch from countdown to ignition to clearing of tower to rise into stratosphere?
4. Increase in budget., RLV-TD needs to be scaled up and scaled up fast. It should be on a mission mode like GLSV-mkIII. Here ISRO gets 5/10.
5. Marketing (my score 1/10):
1. They should have a ceremony where some coconuts are taken on a highly decorated bullock cart (A village is chosen from India to send its prized bulls and the bullock cart and they are sent in style - maybe on a AI flight) and the coconuts ceremoniously broken near the launch pad and coconut water sprinkled.
2. Every launch they should have a 5 minute segment on how "INSAT" saves the lives during cyclone followed by a morose like Jean Druze stating how spending money saving lives is such a waste for India's space program. This in interest of 'editorial' balance.
3. Show a video on rocket disasters across the world. Like the great cartwheels done by NASA and Russia and NoKo rockets and the famous rockets of cheen that exploded on villages. And then point out that space exploration is a very very very high risk business.

---

Coming to "airport on sulurpeta"., sulurpeta comes under Gov. of AP and they can promote it as a tourist hub. It is their choice. And ISRO can have ex-ISRO personnel who can take the visitors on a guided tour around ISRO into non-sensitive areas.

---

On the question of taking the 'delicate satellites' via truck., well CISF provides the security for all ISRO operations. At the same time, the sats are not so delicate that they cannot endure a truck ride. In fact., the ride to the space is not so smooth. All Sat buses have to go through the shake & bake test to qualify for a ride on to the launch.

---

Landing
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by arun »

Speaking of road transportation of satellites, ISRO has taken care of road transportation issues by using a specially designed Satellite Transportation System (STS).

Checkout the below link which dates back to the August 2015 transport of Astrosat from Bangalore to Sriharikota by road:
………………. The STS is built with a suspension cradle that attenuates shock, vibration and handling loads. Double walled thermally insulated, sealed encapsulation structure of STS shields satellite from climatic hazards such as temperature, humidity, contamination, rain, dust, differential pressure, etc. Robust all metallic Faraday’s cage design and low resistance electrical bonding of STS provides Electro Static Discharge (ESD) path and protection against RF radiation hazards. …………….
Satellite Transportation Systems (STS)

Next a journal article dating back to 1999 on the subject of satellite transportation:

Safety Systems For Satellite Transportation
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by Varoon Shekhar »

http://www.isro.gov.in/gslv-f09-gsat-9

Some bright news, first mention of the GSLV Mark2/South Asia sat mission, it is Fri May 5. Weight of the satellite will be 2230kg, more than what was first announced, 2195
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by SSSalvi »

A Tentative path for GSLV F09 flight has been identified in the " Notice to Airmen " ( NOTAM ) bulletin.

Launch time between 1100 and 1500
3 points have been specified.
D) BTN 1100-1500
E) GSLV-F09 ROCKET LAUNCH FM SHAR RANGE,SRIHARIKOTA WILL TAKE PLACE
AS PER FLW DETAILS. THE LAUNCH WILL BE ON ANY ONE OF THE DAY DRG
THIS PERIOD. ACTUAL DATE OF LAUNCH WILL BE INTIMATED 24HRS IN
ADVANCE THROUGH A SEPERATE NOTAM.
LAUNCH PAD COORD: 13 43.2N 080 13. 8E
NO FLT IS PERMITTED OVER THE DNG ZONE.
A. DANGER ZONE -1 IS A CIRCLE OF 10NM AROUND THE LAUNCHER
B. DANGER ZONE -2 IS A RECTANGULAR AREA BOUNDED BY:
1150N 08515E 1235N 08525E 1215N 08625E 1130N 08615E
C. DANGER ZONE -3 IS A RECTANGULAR AREA BOUNDED BY:
1035N 08915E 1115N 08925E 1100N 09005E 1020N 08955E
D. DANGER ZONE -4 IS A RECTANGULAR AREA BOUNDED BY:
0750N 09515E 0930N 09515E 0930N 09605E 0750N 09605E

The path is plotted here. ( Note : points 1,2,3 correspond to Zones 2,3,4 respectively in the NOTAM

Image
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by SSSalvi »

PSLV C38 with 37 satellites ( Cartosat 2E being main payload ) is slated for 25th May Launch.

http://www.andhrajyothy.com/artical?SID=401169
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by arun »

X Posted from the “Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion - June'14” thread.

With Hydrobharat down for maintenance, an alternate website to track down NOTAMs.

US Federal Aviation Administration Pilotweb website provides NOTAMs for VECF, the ICAO call sign for the Calcutta FIC which controls airspace for Wheeler Island/Interim Test Range (ITR) etc. airspace. Click below link:

Pilot Web

In the box on the left hand side of titled NOTAM Retrival select ICAO as “Report Format Type” and type VECF in the box captioned “Locations”.

There is a NOTAM out for May 4 and May 5.

May I Request a kind soul to do a distance calculation and box tracing on a map?
A0540/17 (Issued for VECF VOMF PART 1 OF 2) - LAUNCHING OF EXPERIMENTAL FLT VEHICLE WILL TAKE PLACE WITH THE
FLW DETAILS. DANGER ZONES COORDINATES:
POINT A- 204820.16N 0870235.88E
POINT B- 181220.52N 0860707.68E
POINT C- 114237.98N 0862115.12E
POINT D- 115421.46N 0892114.18E
POINT E- 182408.28N 0883027.72E
POINT F- 204844.28N 0870725.32E
POINT A- 204820.16N 0870235.88E
NO OVER FLYING ACTIVITY IS PERMISSIBLE WI THE ABOVE MENTIONED DANGER
AREA. DURING THE HOURS OF LAUNCH, THE FOLLOWING ATS ROUTES/SEGMENTS
ARE REROUTED/NOT AVBL IN KOLKATA FIR:

{REST SNIPPED}

END PART 1 OF 2. 0230-0630, 04 MAY 02:30 2017 UNTIL 05 MAY 06:30 2017. CREATED:
28 APR 05:30 2017
For Sriharikota (SHAR) and ISRO rocket launches, US Federal Aviation Administration Pilotweb website provides NOTAMs for VOMF, the ICAO call sign for the Madras FIC which controls SHAR airspace. Click below link:

Pilot Web

In the box on the left hand side of titled NOTAM Retrival select ICAO as “Report Format Type” and type VOMF in the box captioned “Locations”.

There is a NOTAM out for a ballon launch which I presume is for getting a handle on high altitude wind speeds for the upcomming GSLV launnch.
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by arun »

SSSalvi wrote:PSLV C38 with 37 satellites ( Cartosat 2E being main payload ) is slated for 25th May Launch.

http://www.andhrajyothy.com/artical?SID=401169
Disappointed that it is not the GSLV Mark 3 aka LVM3.
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by arun »

Hmmm …………….. “Experimental Flight Vehicle Launch” out of Shriharikota(?) for May 2 to May 3 as it is for VOMF Madras FIC.

Does not look like the GSLV F09 as there is a separate NOTAM out for that launch.

GSLV Mark 3 aka LVM3 launch afterall?

A0830/17 - EXPERIMENTAL FLT VEHICLE LAUNCH WILL TAKE PLACE WITH THE FLW DETAILS:
THE COORD OF THE DANGER ZONES POLYGON ARE AS FOLLOWS:
POINT A: 091806N 0930500E
POINT B: 085442N 0941912E
POINT C: 083500N 0942024E
POINT D: 073600N 0940100E
POINT E: 071606N 0931930E
POINT F: 081030N 0934130E
POINT G: 083500N 0933700E
POINT H: 090130N 0923212E
POINT A: 091806N 0930500E

{Rest Snipped}

GND - UNL, 0430-0830, 02 MAY 04:30 2017
UNTIL 03 MAY 08:30 2017. CREATED: 26 APR 06:44 2017
A0802/17 (Issued for VOMF PART 1 OF 2) - GSLV-F09 ROCKET LAUNCH FM SHAR RANGE,SRIHARIKOTA WILL TAKE PLACE AS PER FLW DETAILS. THE LAUNCH WILL BE ON ANY ONE OF THE DAY DRG THIS PERIOD. ACTUAL DATE OF LAUNCH WILL BE INTIMATED 24HRS IN ADVANCE THROUGH A SEPERATE NOTAM.

LAUNCH PAD COORD: 13 43.2N 080 13. 8E NO FLT IS PERMITTED OVER THE DNG ZONE.

A. DANGER ZONE -1 IS A CIRCLE OF 10NM AROUND THE LAUNCHER
B. DANGER ZONE -2 IS A RECTANGULAR AREA BOUNDED BY: 1150N 08515E 1235N 08525E 1215N 08625E 1130N 08615E
C. DANGER ZONE -3 IS A RECTANGULAR AREA BOUNDED BY: 1035N 08915E 1115N 08925E 1100N 09005E 1020N 08955E
D. DANGER ZONE -4 IS A RECTANGULAR AREA BOUNDED BY: 0750N 09515E 0930N 09515E 0930N 09605E 0750N 09605E

{Rest Snipped}

END PART 1 OF 2. BTN 1100-1500, 05 MAY 11:00 2017 UNTIL 19 MAY 15:00 2017. CREATED: 21 APR 15:57 2017
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by Varoon Shekhar »

It can't be GSLV Mark 3, that is way too soon! There would be a huge preview of the mission on the ISRO site. The Mark 3 is scheduled for the first week of June, not that far off :)

Could this notice be about the Pad Abort Test? Or some other missile launch?
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by SSSalvi »

@ arun

As you desire here is a 'soul' search :D

The co-ordinates describe an area marked in this figure. Could be a missile test from Chandipur on 2nd or 3rd.

Image
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by Varoon Shekhar »

http://www.isro.gov.in/gslv-f09-gsat-9/ ... -9-gallery

Now looking sleek and elegant on the launch pad
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by putnanja »

GSLV Mark III launch: Why ISRO's biggest challenge will be at the end of this month
...
Isro is now readying the vehicle for its first full flight at the end of this month, roughly three weeks after another flight of the current generation GSLV on May 5. Isro has used new ideas in its design, necessitating new methods in manufacturing. Some of these ideas will be tested for the first time in a flight from Sriharikota. It would be the first flight of GSLV III using India’s fully-indigenous cryogenic engine. If successful, it would also be India’s first launch vehicle qualified for human space flight. “This vehicle is going to be at the frontier for Isro,” says G Ayyappan, Mark III project director. “It can be used for human flight as well.”
...
The cryogenic engine in Mark III is entirely designed in India, and is twice as powerful as the Mark II cryogenic engines. Isro has used a different technology for this engine called the gas-generator cycle, primarily because it gave the engineers the freedom to test each component separately. The earlier engine used a method called staged combustion, where the entire engine had to be tested as one entity. “We have now made about 200 tests on the engine and its components separately,” says Kiran Kumar.

For the cryogenic engine, Isro had to create new high altitude test facilities at Mahendragiri near Thiruvananthapuram. Isro tested the full engine in April 2015 for 635 seconds, and again in June 2015 for 800 seconds, well beyond the duration of its burning during a real flight. It had two more tests subsequently, one early in 2016 and another in December 2016. The performance of the new cryogenic engine would be the most crucial aspect of the flight flight later this month, as it is being tested for the first time in a flight. Although there are other new features in the vehicle, some of these have already been tested in a partial flight two years ago. “We had doubts about the configuration,” says K Radhakrishnan, former chairman of Isro. “So we decided to have an atmospheric test flight with a passive cryogenic engine.”
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At 3.2 meter in diameter, the strap-on motors are the third largest in the world. Apart from their size, the use of two strap-on motors provided another challenge for Isro. The two motors had to match their performance precisely. If not, one would tilt the vehicle to the other side during flight. To avoid this imbalance, Isro made the boosters from one casting, by splitting it into two. It was Isro’s first attempt at pair casting. It was to ensure uniformity of material and uniform degradation and it needed the development of new infrastructure.

GSLV Mark III has a core liquid stage with twin engines, another – smaller – novelty in design. The liquid engines would switch on only a 100 seconds after lift-off, but well before the strap-on motors cease firing. The launch vehicle has redundant control electronics, a requirement for any vehicle used for human flight. Isro engineers have provided Mark III with other requirements for human flight vehicle, in terms of acceleration, noise and other safety margins. Isro has already designed and test-flown a crew module.
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“Satellites are getting heavier and heavier,” says K Sivan, director of the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC) in Thiruvananthapuram. “So we have to increase the capacity of the vehicle.” GSLV Mark III can be tweaked to later to carry more than six tonnes of payload into a geostationary orbit, by replacing the core liquid stage with a semi-cryogenic engine. This engine is under development, and might take three to four years. After its development, India would be able to put six to seven tonne-class of satellites into a geostationary orbit, and stop using expensive overseas facilities for launching its communication satellites.
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by JTull »

GSAT-9 heralds cost-saving electric propulsion
This week's space mission, GSAT-9 or the South Asia Satellite, will carry a new feature that will eventually make advanced Indian spacecraft far lighter. It will even lower the cost of launches tangibly in the near future.

The 2,195-kg GSAT-9, due to take off on a GSLV rocket on May 5, carries an electric propulsion or EP system. The hardware is a first on an Indian spacecraft.

M.Annadurai, Director of the ISRO Satellite Centre, Bengaluru, explained its immediate and potential benefits: the satellite will be flying with around 80 kg of chemical fuel - or just about 25% of what it would have otherwise carried. Managing it for more than a decade in orbit will become cost efficient.

In the long run, with the crucial weight factor coming down later even for sophisticated satellites, Indian Space Research Organisation can launch them on its upcoming heavy rockets instead of sending them to space on costly foreign boosters. Shortly, its own vehicle GSLV MkIII is due for its full test flight.

Dr. Annadurai told The Hindu that GSAT-9's EPS would be used to keep its functions going when it reaches its final slot - which is roughly about two weeks after launch - and throughout its lifetime.

Normally the 2,000-kg class INSAT/GSAT communication satellites take 200-300 kg of chemical propellants with them to space. The fuel is needed to keep them working in space, 36,000 km away, for 12 to 15 years.

Dr. Annadurai said, "In this mission, we are trying EPS in a small way as a technology demonstrator. Now we have put a xenon-based EP primarily for in-orbit functions of the spacecraft. In the long run, it will be very efficient in correcting the [initial] transfer orbit after launch."

He said that the space agency normally uses up 25-30 kg of fuel on the satellite each year to maintain its functions and orbit position. An EP system would vastly bring this amount down.

Next big trend

A xenon based EPS can be five to six times more efficient than chemical-based propulsion on spacecraft and has many uses, according to Dr Annadurai, whose centre assembles all Indian spacecraft. A 3,500-kg EPS-based satellite, for example, can do the work of a conventional spacecraft weighing 5,000 kg, but cost far less.

"One day, we should be able to launch a 5-tonne equivalent spacecraft - but weighing less than it - on our own GSLV [MkIII.] We are not yet there," he said.

All this is on the way, may be in around three years. GSAT-20 is planned as the first fully EPS-enabled satellite; its features were not immediately available. ISAC and the Kerala-based Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre are lead centres in developing it.

A trend that started about four years back, EPS is expected to drive half of all new spacecraft by 2020. For Space-dependent sectors across the globe, the economic benefits of EP systems are said to be immense. Currently government-owned and private space players agencies are said to be scrambling to make space missions 30 per cent cheaper than now - by lowering the per-kg cost of lifting payloads to specific distances.
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Re: Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion - June'14

Post by Singha »

Gslv3 launch with perhaps last of imported cryigenic is imminent.
Later this month first flight of gslv3 with indian crtogenic with ariane style single plane dual strap ons. 1st stage will ignite after 100secs of launch not for launch.
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by disha »

GSLV Mk III is delayed because they were human rating it. I am searching for links., but if that is indeed the case - it is a major major major step.
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by Vips »

GSLV Mark-III set for first flight after Isro's Saarc satellite launch.

The Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro) has finally come up with the third generation geostationary launch vehicle (GSLV Mark – III), which will help launch heavier payloads of over 4,000 kg into orbit and probably help India send humans into space for the first time.

Isro successfully developed the GSLV Mark-III despite several constraints at its Sriharikota facility, including lack of space and components and the high cost of development.

Isro is now readying the vehicle for its first full flight GSLV Mark - III at the end of this month, roughly three weeks after another flight of the current generation GSLV Mark -II, (GSLV-F0-9), on 5 May.

The first flight of the launch vehicle - GSLV Mark III – will most likely at be the end of this month, after Isro places the Geosynchronous Satellite GSAT-9 (called the Saarc satellite) in orbit.

GSAT-9 is a Geostationary Communication Satellite intended to provide various communication applications in Ku-band with coverage over South Asian countries. GSAT-9 is configured around the Isro's standard I-2K bus, with lift off mass of 2230 kg. The main structure of the satellite is cuboid in shape built around a central cylinder with a mission life of more than 12 years.

GSLV-F09 mission is the eleventh flight of GSLV and its fourth consecutive flight with the indigenous Cryogenic Upper Stage (CUS).

GSLV-F09 will be launched from the Second Launch Pad (SLP) at Satish Dhawan Space Centre SHAR (SDSC SHAR), Sriharikota.

The GSLV Mark III is a complex vehicle and some of its critical technologies had to be developed from scratch. It has used new ideas in its design, manufacturing and this would be the first flight of GSLV III using India's fully-indigenous cryogenic engine.

Isro's cryogenic engine development had hit hurdles and were delayed beyond reasonable measure.

The first flight of GSLV Mark-III will be a developmental flight, which will also mark a major milestone for Isro, in which it will also be using India's cryogenic engine - a reengineered version of the Russian cryogenic engines.

GSLV Mark III has a core liquid stage with twin engines, which is another design novelty.

Isro, meanwhile, is reported to be ready with another ambitious plan to develop technology that will enable two separate spaceships to connect in orbit and reassign material, including human beings between them - a technology that can be used for putting human beings in space.

Described as ''Spacecraft Docking & Berthing'', the new mission will not only revolutionise the existing technology of the Indian Space Research Organisation but also will revitalise the global space industry, by paving new paths for advanced deep space exploration programmes and manned missions.

This new technology, developed by Isro will enable the agency to connect two space vehicles in the orbit and shipping material between them to space. The mission already has been sanctioned by the Department Of Space with a funding of Rs10 crore.

The technology once developed fully, will eventually allow Isro to conduct manned missions to space. However, the immediate goal of the programme is to facilitate the replenishing of spacecraft to confer them an extended existence and transport other vital systems from earth to orbit more efficiently.
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by disha »

Docking will help., but GSLV-III is human rated.

What is human rating? It is not just putting humans on top of a rocket - but going through its complete failure analysis and building tolerances or exigencies around expected failures.

For example what happens if the LM-Stage0 MkIII motor does not fire? Or the solid boosters develop lack of control?

On Saturn V., pogo oscillations famous. Imagine riding a rocket which scrounges your innards! :-( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pogo_oscillation., this and various other aspects need to be covered for human rating.
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Re: Indian Space Programme Discussion - Sept 2016

Post by Gagan »

Idiot reporter says, that the GSLV Mk III cryogenic engine is a re-engineered version of the Russian Cryo engine
Bleddy phool, doesn't know the first thing about cryo engines...
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