I will speak from a non military perspective, as folks far better than me have spoken.
Pros
1. Job mindset: Just doing jobs (govt/pvt) wont take to 10 or 15 Trillion USD economy. For that we need people who are self assured and have seen the real world. Most college grads haven't seen their labs properly and seen the real world. LeLi colleges are largely churning out wokes or armchair warriors like import 500 F-22s. Few want to get their hands dirty. Most of them who do either lack education or confidence. Army setup will provide that. Is that the best place to do so definitely no, but that is the only place where moral, and practical learnings can be imparted in our society. That is the sad truth.
2. Self Defence: Due to weapons control a large part of Hindu society does not know today what it means to wage a war. Sam bahadur's comment that most cant differentiate between a guerilla and gorilla, although a lot of them are like one is more true today. Rioting is increasing.
3. Our society has an inherent problem of lawlessness and disobedience, it's cool to break laws. One reason why some societies are more likely to be law abiding is due the compulsory military service. I am not saying it is the main driver, but this is one of the contributor. Again is this the best way. No, but "we are like that only". Riots are going to increase in that kinda enviornment how do we defend ourselves. this training provides people who will be at least aware of ways of army's working. they could be called in such scenarios. What we missing out is that these trained folks could be used to defend
4. cost: we are the country where pension bills is higher than salary capital outlay, more so after OROP. in '20-21, 28% of Mod's budget was for pension and 24% was capital outlay. and remember outlays are not realized fully always.
https://www.idsa.in/policybrief/defence ... -uk-230420
5. military leadership is having a hard time adjusting to a reality of non tenure based promotions as seen with CDS and out of turn promotions.
Cons
1. term is short, would have wanted it for longer duration, may be 7 years..
2. Numbers are on the higher side. Perhaps a pilot should have been done or perhaps have the numbers on the lower side..
3. Point 3 cuts both ways, right now the rioters are single digit % in army but if they increase...there is a high chance of backstabbing like in past as was the case in 1947..we anyways have the problem of infiltration in police and IAS/IPS lobbies. It's a risk.
4. training infra is anyways stretched and difficult to envisage how it would adopt to new folks with a cultural change