F-16, F-18, Grip, MiG-35 and Rafale Technical Resource Only

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sunilUpa
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Post by sunilUpa »

Shankar wrote: - even without arms indo-russian trade is substantial .It is a two way street .The US-India trade is somewhat one sided by comparison .The nuke deal may address it some what
:eek: :eek: :shock:

Hmmm let us take a look at 'substantial Indo-Russian' trade, err excluding arms..

Facts-

Two-way trade in 2004-2005 - US$1.8 billion. Growth rate - 11%
Indian exports - US$ 600 million (and declining)
Russian exports - US$ 1.2 Billion

Target for 2010 - All of US$10 billion

You may be interested in the fact that even India-Pakistan trade is same level around US$1.7 billion now and projected to reach US$10 billion in 2010. That is not including trade through third countries such as UAE.

I am sure I need not post trade figures for Indo-US or for that matter Indo-China.

Now will you please pass whatever you were smoking...sure looks like good stuff.. (Ahaa..beat Singha and JC this time :D )

NRao - My apologies for posting here. My last post on topic.
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Post by NRao »

In the July/Aug, 2007 issue of DTI, there is a very nice interview with Vladimir Barkovskiy. Deputy Director General and General Designer, MiG, Moscow. Under History: Joined MiG in 1999 after 18 years with Sukhoi, including leadership of the Su-30MK1 (I guess he meant I) for India. Led development of the MiG-29K and MiG-20M/M2.

No link so far. Will put it up once I see it.
We would call the MiG-29SMT a 4th Gen ACwith Gen 4+ Avionocs. The MiG-29K and MiG-29M have avionicsof the 4th "plus-plus" gen and gen 4 in airframe. The MiG-35 is a Gen 4+ airframe with Gen 5 or may be Gen 5- Avionics.
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Post by SaiK »

http://www.royfc.com/cgi-bin/today/acft_news.cgi
[quote]The MiG-35 – A Bridge to the New Generation

((Long introduction of no value snipped.))

A PERFECT DESIGN PLUS NEW ELECTRONICS

The direction of development selected by the A.I. Mikoyan OKB engineering center ((ITs)) led after several years of persistent work to the creation of several airplanes that we call a new unified family of fighters. The basic aircraft of this family - the ship-based MiG-29K and MiG-29KUB – are being produced in series on order of India’s navy. At the same time, a “landâ€
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Post by JCage »

[quote]The “Zhuk-AEhâ€
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Post by SaiK »

some nice video presentation of Rafale (M?). Lots of shot on the avionics. Plus a kill on the mig29!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mf-jQWHZ5es
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Post by NRao »

UAVs Cooperate To Find Targets
Aviation Week & Space Technology
08/06/2007, page 48

David A. Fulghum
Washington

UAVs cooperate to find targets without human intervention

Printed headline: On Their Own

Research into unmanned flight is finally producing solutions for operating piloted and pilotless aircraft in the same small airspace. The template is being forged in Iraq. There, the operation of UAV's with manned helicopters, transports and combat aircraft -- simultaneously and at night without lights -- is maturing from a basic "policy of hope" to "controlled chaos" and, finally, to positive control of all those moving pieces on the aerial chessboard. The following series of articles also looks at several other issues, including Europe's efforts to integrate unmanned aircraft, new aircraft designs that are flying first as highly sophisticated UAV's (a money-saving tactic for advanced concepts), and the emergence of tactically useful but much smaller designs.

..............................................................................

In a separate program, Boeing is developing an unmanned landing and air traffic management capability for unmanned combat aircraft systems (UCASs) from aircraft carriers. Program officials say they could land an F/A-18F surrogate UCAS on a carrier within two years. This work is also being looked at by the U.S. Air Force to refuel UCAVs and UAVs from manned tanker aircraft—another area where manned and unmanned aircraft operate close to one another (AW&ST June 4, p. 44).

................................................
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Post by jmaxwell »

MIG 29M with TVC on MAKS 2007

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DCWB6dZ6Mrc
What a bird! :eek:

Me wants the MIG-35 for the IAF. Pretty please?
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Post by saptarishi »

Image

man how big is that,,the new F/A-18F rear cockpit display
SUPER HORNET can if operated along with IAF MKIs can work wonders[/img]
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Post by Lalmohan »

SaiK wrote:some nice video presentation of Rafale (M?). Lots of shot on the avionics. Plus a kill on the mig29!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mf-jQWHZ5es
ah yes, but did you notice the smoking engines near the end?!! ;)
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Post by ashish raval »

SaiK wrote:some nice video presentation of Rafale (M?). Lots of shot on the avionics. Plus a kill on the mig29!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mf-jQWHZ5es
Rafale is actually very good airframe if frenchies agree for kaveri cooperation and lower the price tag. ToT and AESA is great if its possible.
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Post by NRao »

AWST, Sept 3, 2007:

[quote]
World News & Analysis

Proliferation of Low-observable Cruise Missile, Unmanned Combat Aircraft Triggers New Defenses
Aviation Week & Space Technology
09/03/2007, page 34

David A. Fulghum
Washington

Douglas Barrie
London

Low-observable cruise missile, unmanned combat aircraft trigger new defenses

Printed headline: Counter-stealth Race

There are still a number of classified technologies associated with future modifications to Boeing’s advanced Super Hornet and Growler designs.

Two of the most interesting involve their ability to disable advanced air-defense missiles and detect and destroy small targets, such as stealthy cruise missiles and unmanned combat aircraft. These advanced capabilities are being considered for export to U.S. allies, including those who plan to buy the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF). Australia has already signed for 24 F/A-18E/Fs. Defense officials say the EA-18G may become much desired by foreign governments as a stand-off jammer for stealthy aircraft like the JSF, or as an escort jammer fast enough to penetrate enemy airspace with Super Hornets.

Whether the Super Hornet family is being lined up as an alternative to the F-35 in some export markets is considered an extremely sensitive subject for both Boeing and Lockheed Martin. So far, Australia says its 24 Super Hornets will not interfere with their JSF purchase of a proposed 70 aircraft. However, there are still some interesting options in Australia’s future defense planning. Another 30 aircraft could either be additional JSFs or an unmanned combat aircraft, say senior Royal Australian Air Force officials.

Australia also has quietly expressed interest in buying a second squadron of 24 F/A-18E/Fs and possibly some Growlers. They would be bought with budget surpluses, not with the regular defense budget. Between the two aircraft, they can handle enemy air defenses across the whole electromagnetic spectrum.

Stealth aircraft and cruise missiles will be vulnerable to the EA-18G.Credit: U.S. NAVY

“That’s the same pitch they’re making with the Growler and Joint Strike Fighter combination,â€
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Post by gauravjkale »

[quote]Recently, the electronic attack capability of the AESA radars and the Growler’s next-generation jammers were modeled by the Navy. The capability was pitted against double-digit integrated air defenses—specifically, the Russian-designed and -built SA-20 Gargoyle (S-300MPMU2) and some of its variants that were upgraded with the capabilities it is expected to have by 2024.

“We were knocking them [the air defense missiles] down,â€
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Post by NRao »

AWST:

[quote]
World News & Analysis

Swedish Budget Review Looms Next Year
Aviation Week & Space Technology
09/10/2007, page 52

Robert Wall and Joris Janssen Lok
Stockholm and Linkoping

Sweden and Saab head toward key strategic choices next year

Printed headline: High Stakes

Despite rumblings of a significant defense budget cut this year, Sweden will be able to sidestep a large reduction for now. However, it is likely to see a critical review of future military plans next year as a series of important studies on threats and force levels draw to a close.

Sweden’s finance minister has floated the idea of a considerable reduction in defense spending, but Defense Minister Mikael Odenberg expresses confidence that nothing draconian will be included in the 2008 bill to be submitted to parliament on Sept. 20. “There will be no major shifts,â€
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Post by Marcos »

[quote="JCage"][quote]The “Zhuk-AEhâ€
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Post by JCage »

Marcos wrote:source???
Почему вы Ñ
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Post by NRao »

AWST
News Breaks
Europe
The French government is trimming
Aviation Week & Space Technology
10/01/2007, page 20

The French government is trimming modernization funding in a flat 2008 budget request that serves as little more than a bridge to the next multi-year military spending program now under development. The top-line €47.5 billion ($67 billion) in defense budget authority (€48.1 billion in budget outlays), represents a €200-million reduction from the 2007 budget plan. Equipment spending is falling to €15.1 billion from €15.7 billion.

Pressure to continue modernization will remain, though. For instance, the air force in the first part of this year suffered a substantial drop in aircraft availability rates to 59%, compared with the 75% target. Aging airframes are partly to blame. The tactical transport fleet averages 26 years, and things are likely to worsen with A400M not expected until at least 2010. Engine maintenance issues on fighters also depressed reliability. Naval and army aviation suffered similarly.

But with strategic review still underway, and the Defense Ministry focused on devising a new, three-year military spending law that is to take effect in 2009, the latest funding measure is devoid of major shifts. Despite Defense Minister Herve Morin’s suggestions, he will take a close look at legacy, big-ticket projects that were mostly left intact for 2008.

Next year should see delivery to the air force and navy of seven Rafale fighters each, which is one more for the air force than in the previous budget. Included for the first time is the Reco NG pod for the Rafale. The first four of 20 pods are to be handed over next year. They will augment, and starting in 2014, replace the Mirage F1CR tactical reconnaissance aircraft.

But spending for further Rafale purchases is coming down. The 2008 budget has money for only eight more aircraft, six for the air force and two for the navy. Furthermore, France plans to buy 22 NH90 helicopters in the tactical transport configuration, modernize four Cougar helos and fund the PA2, the second aircraft carrier for which seed money is included in the 2007 budget. But allocation of €3 billion for the carrier, Morin says, is awaiting the outcome of the new white paper on security priorities and a decision on whether to go ahead with the project.

With French forces deployed to Lebanon, Afghanistan and the Balkans, and an Africa operation looming to Chad, the budget includes €375 million euros for overseas operations, Morin says.
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Post by JaiS »

x-post.
Kartik wrote:Swedish Gripens to get HMD


Swedish air force Saab JAS39 Gripen fighters are to be equipped with a helmet-mounted display system including BAE Systems' Cobra helmet, under a SKr345 million ($53.3 million) contract from the nation's Defence Materiel Administration.

Saab Aerosystems business unit manager Lennart Sindahl says the enhancement "further improves the Swedish Gripen fleet's already expansive operating capability," and claims: "this order is further evidence of the confidence Sweden has in Gripen." Saab is to remanufacture 31 of the air force's JAS39As to the C/D configuration under a separate six-year deal, and is also developing an enlarged Gripen demonstrator to support future operations of the type for the domestic customer and potential new export buyers.

The newly selected helmet-mounted display system has previously been ordered for South Africa's future fleet of 28 Gripens, the first of which is scheduled to conclude in-country testing later this year ahead of its formal introduction to service in early 2008.

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Post by Mihir »

Rafale on board of USS Enterprise - 2007-09-12
In france, it is called a "première". Two french Rafale M have landed on USS Enterprise. This is the first time that the multirole plane deck-land on an americain carrier.
Many diplomats and members of the two armies were gathered to celebrate "the visit", among them Craig Stapelton (American French ambassador) and the admiral Alain Oudot de Dainville, Chief of the navy.
The Rafale is the first french fighter to deck land on an american carrier. This is a proof of the interoperability of french and american navy.
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Post by Drevin »

some nice video presentation of Rafale (M?). Lots of shot on the avionics. Plus a kill on the mig29!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mf-jQWHZ5es
Nice presentation on the multi-role Rafale B,C and M. Especially liked the part where the M breaks formation and lands back on the carrier whereas the B and C land in a nearby airfield. Beautifully illustrated.
Last edited by Drevin on 16 Oct 2007 15:10, edited 1 time in total.
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Post by Multatuli »

Rafale may be using active radar cancellation

transmitting an out of phase return signal

http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/9735/rafale1.htm
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Gripen NG details

Post by JaiS »

Sweden to renew Gripens as Thailand selects Swedish fighter

The rebuilding of 31 Gripen A/Bs to C/Ds for the Swedish air force is covered by a SKR3.9 billion ($600 million) contract signed on 17 October. The work will begin in 2008 and the upgraded aircraft ( JAS-39 C/D ) will enter service in 2010.

Included in the overall deal is government funding for the Gripen demonstrator programme. The Gripen Demo will have a new engine, radar, avionics, strengthened airframe, more fuel and expanded weapons capability.

The government has not revealed how much it is contributing to the three-year Demo programme, but Saab says the company is investing SKR1 billion, and suppliers General Electric, Honeywell and Rockwell Collins are also putting in "several hundred million" of their own money.

The Gripen Demo is to fly next year, and will test structural and system upgrades that could be retrofitted into Gripen C/Ds as well as demonstrating capabilities for a future new-build aircraft that Saab is calling the Next Generation Gripen.

The second phase of the Demo programme will include a new active electronically scanned array radar. Saab has evaluated four radars, including AESAs from Raytheon, Selex and Thales, with a decision to be announced by year-end.

Aimed at the export market, the Next Generation Gripen is intended to be "better than the Joint Strike Fighter, apart from those things a superpower needs", says Saab.

Thus, it seems like Gripen will have the following path :

Gripen(C/D) -> Gripen Demo -> Gripen NG
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Post by Sumeet »

Jai here is a nice chart from SAAB guys. Taken from their presentation to Norwegian MoD.

Image
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Post by JaiS »

Thanks Sumeet.

Added later : wrt to the post below, indeed krishnan, I agree with what you have said.
Last edited by JaiS on 18 Oct 2007 10:42, edited 1 time in total.
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Post by krishnan »

More like

Gripen(C/D) <-> Gripen Demo -> Gripen NG
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Post by Sumeet »

Some slides from EADS presentation on Eurofighter to Norwegian MoD

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Post by Sumeet »

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Post by Sumeet »

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Post by Austin »

Amazzzzzing :shock: :eek:

The Sensor Fusion and LO of EF seems to be superb , The mix/match weapons payload is good.
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Post by Cain Marko »

Actually the only thing impressive about the Ef-2000 is its radar and twr capability. the LO feature is a joke (even they themselves admit it to being 1/10th of the F-15, ~ 1sqm), otoh even as early as 1997-98 rafale had a declared rcs of 1/3rd of the M2k, i.e. 0.3sqm. As far as sensor fusion goes, the rafale and the gripen offer all the above, actually so does the MiG 35. When it comes to loadouts, the Rafale can compete and even surpass what the Ef-2000 offers. With newer engines capable of 9 tons of thrust, it'll be even more capable.
As far as dealing with a stealthy target with IRST what missile are they going to use at that range at least the Rafale has the Mica IIR. Ya, the euroboys are good at marketing for sure. BTW, don'[t rule the french out of the MRCA just yet, Sarkozy is the chief guest for the Rep day celebrations :wink:

Regards,
CM.
Last edited by Cain Marko on 19 Oct 2007 07:23, edited 1 time in total.
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Post by Austin »

Well the Rafale has limited growth potential due to zero export as of yet , If India goes for it , It will have to bear the cost , which if we go by past record the French will charge us in gold.

Since the EF guys have officially mentioned VLO Frontal RCS , I would take their word and I see EF having better growth potential and more cost effective than Rafale due to its export success.

For dealing with passive targets they can use Meteor , I think they can develop a passive variant of meteor , But whats stopping us from using a IIR MICA or some Russian Missile , when we get the source code.

Mig-35 and Sensor Fusion is Joke of the day :lol:
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Post by negi »

CM & Austin bhai lets take this to MRCA thread lest we be accused of derailing the thread. :P
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Post by Cain Marko »

Austinji, I'm taking this to the MRCA thread since this is only for tech specs.

regards,
CM>
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Post by JaiS »

Nice posts Sumeet.

Presentation on the Gripen

A Case Study of Swedish Engineering
The Development Of The JAS 39 Saab Gripen.

Author : Jan Gunnar Jorgensen

Reference: Combat Aircraft
The International Journal of Military Aviation
Vol 4, No 2, April 2002.



Information Superiority

Gripen has 5 redundant databuses, each operating at 1MB/s, 3x 266MHz PowerPC processors, 160MB disks, 32MB PROM and 64MB RAM.

TCP/IP is used for data transfer units in pilot's mission planning, ground crew's logistics and aircraft operational status.

Ericsson PS-05/A Pulse-doppler radar detects aircraft up to 75 miles.


CDL39 DataLink

Only 3 pairs of CAP covers the entire east coast of Sweden.

The datalink uses frequency hopping and encryption which is usable up to 300 miles.

Integrates with the JTIDS (Joint Information Distribution System).

Gripens form a virtually unjammable mesh network of relays when airborne.
More details in the presentation.
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Re: Features of Gripen Datalink and differences wrt Link 16

Post by JaiS »

Gripen, Lion of the Sky

Journal of Electronic Defense; Aug2004, Vol. 27 Issue 8, p59-64

Bill Sweetman

Posting relevant parts of the article.

Gripens most remarkable feature,
however, was and remains the datalink. Although
the hardware for the Tactical Information
Datalink System (TiDLS) is supplied
by Rockwell Collins (Cedar Rapids,
IA|, the concept is uniquely Swedish.
Beyond any serious doubt, the
Flygvapnet has more experience with
the operational use of datalinks than
any other air force.


Because of its proximity
to the Soviet Union, the service recognized that it was vulnerable to
communications jamming, and adopted
ground-to-air links for the 135
Draken
In 1963-65, The system was so
secret that it was cunningly disguised
in the cockpit and could never be mentioned
on voice transmissions.

The first "fighter link," including aircraft-to-aircraft
two-way transmission, was also
deployed secretly, aboard the |AS 37
Viggen in the early 1980s. The system
deployed aboard the Gripen builds on
this experience.


The TIDLS can connect up to four
aircraft in a full-time two-way link. It
has a range of 500 km and is highly resistant
to jamming; almost the only
way to jam the system is to position a
jammer aircraft directly between the
two communicating Gripens, Its basic
modes include the ability to display the
position, bearing, and speed of all four
aircraft in a formation, including basic
status information such as fuel and
weapons state. The TIDLS is fundamentally
different from broadcast-style links
like Link 16. It serves fewer users but
links them more closely together, exchanging
much more data, and operating
much closer to real time.


TIDLS information, along with
radar, EW, and mapping data, appears
on the central MFD. The display reflects
complete sensor fusion: a target that is
being tracked by multiple sources is
one target on the screen. Detailed symbols
distinguish between friendlies,
hostiles, and unidentified targets and
show who has targeted whom.


The Ftygvapnet has already proven
some of the tactical advantages of
the link, including the ability to
spread the formation over a much
wider area. Visual contact between
the fighters is no longer
necessary, because the datalink
shows the position of each aircraft.
Leader and wingman roles
are different: the pilot in the best
position makes the attack, and the
fact that he has targeted the
enemy is immediately communicated
to the three other aircraft.

A basic use of the datalink is
"silent attack." An adversary may
be aware that he is being tracked
by a fighter radar that is outside
missile range. He may not be aware that
another, closer fighter is receiving that
tracking data and is preparing for a missile
launch without using its own radar.
After launch, the shooter can break and
escape, while the other fighter continues
to pass tracking data to the missile.
In tests, Gripen pilots have learned that
this makes it possible to delay using the
AMRAAM's active seeker until it is too
late for the target to respond.


But the use of the link goes
beyond this, towards what the Swedish
Air Force calls "samverkan," or close-cooperation.
One example is the use of
the Ericsson PS-05/A radar with TIDLS.

An Ericsson paper compares its application,
with identical sensors and precise
knowledge of the location of both
platforms, to human twins: "Communication
is possible without explaining
everything."

"Radar-samverkan," the Ericsson
paper suggests, equips the formation
with a super-radar of extraordinary
capabilities. The PS-05/A can
operate in passive mode, as a sensitive
receiver with high directional accuracy
(due to its large antenna). Two
PS-05/As can exchange information
by datalink and locate the target by
triangulation. The target's signals will
often identify it as well.


The datalink results in better
tracking. Usually, three plots (echoes)
are needed to track a target in trackwhile-
scan mode. The datalink allows
the radars to share plots, not just
tracks, so even if none of the aircraft in
a formation gets enough plots on its
own to track the target, they may do so
collectively.


Each radar plot includes Doppler
velocity, which provides the individual
aircraft with range-rate data. However,
this data on its own does not yield the
velocity of the target. Using the TIDLS,
two fighters can take simultaneous
range-rate readings and thereby determine
the target's track instantly, reducing
the need for radar transmission.


An important feature of the link
is that it works when the airplane is on
the ground. A Gripen can stand alert on
the runway, with all systems go and the
APU running, and the pilot can remain
fully cognizant of the tactical situation.

:)
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Post by Cain Marko »

Very cool this datalink capability of the Gripen. I especialy liked the part where one Gripen fires the Amraam and scoots away while the other guides it from far, far away.
A basic use of the datalink is "silent attack." An adversary may be aware that he is being tracked by a fighter radar that is outside missile range. He may not be aware that another, closer fighter is receiving that tracking data and is preparing for a missile launch without using its own radar. After launch, the shooter can break and escape, while the other fighter continues to pass tracking data to the missile. In tests, Gripen pilots have learned that this makes it possible to delay using the AMRAAM's active seeker until it is too late for the target to respond.
Just some questions:
Does this mean that the shooter doesn't have to turn on his radar at all during the entire scenario while the backend radar (which is providing the tracking info) has to maintain track throughout the entire engagment?
How will this differ from say a passive attack by an IIR?
I'm assuming of course, that in either case (IIR or ARH), the shooter is limited by the fact that he has to get close enough to fire a shot, which means that opponents radar could detect him. Also, the moment the target realizes that he is being "tracked" by enemy FCR, he'll do his best to break lock, in which case the snipe (if radar guided) will be ruined.

This actually brings me to a technical question:
Are ARH missiles truly "fire and forget"? Wouldn't the a/c that is tracking the target have to keep checking/emitting via radar (at least sporadically) to ensure that the missile is on course? IOW, the shooter can't just fire his missile after "lock on" and then turn tail and run can he? Is that another reason that huge scan angles are so important. Lets say an a/c gets lock on, fires the ARH missile, stops emitting, turns ~90degs, emits again to maintain lock all the while keeping the missile on course via datalink until the missile seeker goes active.
In the case of SARH missiles of course, they have to keep emitting continously to maintain lock/track until the time the missile locks on.
Is this the main difference between SARH and ARH? Do I have this right?

Regards,
CM.
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Post by Cain Marko »

A look at the some of the sensors on the MiG 35 (collated and gathered from various internet sources including Keypub forums and lockon.ru):

Image
Image

SOAR = MAWS

Image
Image
System consist of two stations, one on engine's gondola, second on the top of the fuselage, behind the cabin. It detects rocket launches and shows the direction from which the missile is coming. The threat is also signalled by vioce. It can detect Stinger/Igla from 10km, a2a missiles from 30km, big surface to air missiles from 50km. SOAR was also developed in NII PP Institute.

SOLO = Laser detection, warning

Image
Laser warning system SOLO cover the area of 360 degrees. It can detect laser which is illuminating the plane from 30km with 0.5 degree accuracy

ELT-568 = Integrated AESA Jammer

Image
It was made by Italian Elettronici. System cover the frequencies from H to J (built-in part) and E to G (container part)

OLSK = Laser/IRST designator

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OLS-K is designed to detect and track ground targets, it detects tank from 20km, rocket boat from 40km. Laser has range of 20km. System use the same technology as OLS-UM. It was made by NII PP institute, which previously made opical devices for space industry.
OLS UEM = FLIR

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OLS-UEM can detect & track air targets automatically. It consists of IR camera with matrix 320x256 and TV camera 640x480. Their cover is made from leucosapphire. The mirror scan the air space of +/-90 degrees horizontally and -15/+60 deg vertically. Target can be detected from 45 km (rear hemispere) and 15km (front). Laser rangefinder work in two modes. Training (safe for eyes) and combat, in a range from 200 m up to 15 km. The station weigths 78 kg and is mounted in the same bay as the old OLS-29 was. Indian MiG-29KUB will receive a bit simplier OLS-UE version.

Tarang/Pastel = RWR

All information from:
Piotr Butowski ''New sensors of MiG-35''
Nowa Technika Wojskowa 03/2007

Regards,
CM.
Kartik
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Post by Kartik »

post deleted and put into the MRCA discussion thread.
Last edited by Kartik on 19 Oct 2007 23:35, edited 1 time in total.
Kartik
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Post by Kartik »

posting above reply in the MRCA thread. this is a technical resource only thread. sorry.
Cain Marko
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Post by Cain Marko »

Roger that, reply in MRCA thread.

Regards,
CM.
rkhanna
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Joined: 02 Jul 2006 02:35

Post by rkhanna »

An important feature of the link
is that it works when the airplane is on
the ground. A Gripen can stand alert on
the runway, with all systems go and the
APU running, and the pilot can remain
fully cognizant of the tactical situation.
I like this capability as well. The Pilot wont waste time getting his situational Awareness up to speed.
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