Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Locked
Prem
BRF Oldie
Posts: 21234
Joined: 01 Jul 1999 11:31
Location: Weighing and Waiting 8T Yconomy

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Prem »

Apple’s iPhone Sales Grow By As Much As 400% In 3 Months In India, But There’s A Huge Gap To Close

http://techcrunch.com/2013/02/08/apples ... -to-close/
Apple’s next big growth market could be India – a country where it has failed to find significant purchase with consumers up until this point. The Economic Times (via @ScepticGeek) is reporting that sales of Apple devices, with iPhones leading the way, rose by between 300 and 400 percent in the past quarter. That growth, identified by research firm IDC, is likely being propelled by Apple’s distribution partnerships with Redington and Ingram Micro.According to Convergence Catalyst founder Jayanth Kolla in conversation with the Economic Times, Apple’s strategy in India mirrors the route it took to success in China; the company spent time studying the market, learned what it needed to do to sell handsets in India and then got aggressive about executing its sales strategy. Apple’s India team grew by 500 percent in six months to help make that happen, going from 30 to 150 people, Kolla says.Apple’s strategy in India hasn’t involved fielding a lower cost device, but it has included making its iPhone more attainable for cost-conscious buyers. That’s being done through installment-based payment schemes operated through its resale partners, including one with TheMobileStore, a national Indian retail chain, which that company’s CEO says has helped increase sales of Apple gadgets three-fold in the past year.
Suraj
Forum Moderator
Posts: 15178
Joined: 20 Jan 2002 12:31

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Suraj »

Arjun: You make it sound as if everyone blissfully expected 9% growth and suddenly woke up startled "5% ?? OMG! What's the meaning of this ? Why did no one predict it ?!"

Why don't you present your own data instead of just rhetoric bashing the incumbent govt or denigrating a neighboring country ? Various people have posted everything from GDP data from CSO, to IIP, inflation and other stats. I suggest you too put forth more economic details rather than just post rhetoric.

If Bangladesh manages 6% average growth each year, they have rightfully earned praise; there's no need to treat a comparison to them as a pejorative as in 'we can't even grow faster than Bangladesh'.
Arjun
BRF Oldie
Posts: 4283
Joined: 21 Oct 2008 01:52

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Arjun »

Suraj wrote:Arjun: You make it sound as if everyone blissfully expected 9% growth and suddenly woke up startled "5% ?? OMG! What's the meaning of this ? Why did no one predict it ?!"
Ummm, yes. I make it sound that way because that's exactly what I am saying. And this is less to do with individuals and more to do with models that have been touted as fundamental for determining growth. The whole point of having economic models (ICOR, savings rate yada yada) is for their predictive power. And if they fail in their core purpose - and morover fail for several quarters in a row by huge margins of difference, its either time to junk them or to refine them with new parameters that have a better fit with the data.

Where is this feedback loop ? If even after 7 / 8 quarters of disappointment some basic economic shibboleths haven't been re-examined and questioned, when would it ever happen ?
Why don't you present your own data instead of just rhetoric bashing the incumbent govt or denigrating a neighboring country ? Various people have posted everything from GDP data from CSO, to IIP, inflation and other stats. I suggest you too put forth more economic details rather than just post rhetoric.

I don't see the point. If you think I am interested in rhetorically bashing the government you completely misunderstand me.

Just so we are clear, let me make explicit what I AM interested in-

1. Maximizing GDP growth is for me, the #1 economic priority of the government (obviously I am of the Bhagvati school)
2. Finding out after 5 years on the basis of 5-year multi-year trend averages, that our economic growth sucked and that we've lost ground to Bangladesh or others is NOT the least bit interesting to me, nor is it useful for most course-correction purposes.
3. What I am interested in is in identifying leading indicators (as opposed to lagging ones) that can predict the possibility of growth slowdown ahead of time or at least concurrently - so appropriate course-correction can be attempted. Business Confidence levels, Fiscal deficit, Trade imbalance, investment rate are some potentially useful leading indicators. If there are others - those would certainly be of interest.
4. Of these leading indicators, identify the ones that can indeed by controlled by the government. Eg if there are global market factors at play that may result in slowdown - that's useful to know but the government may be able to do little in such circumstance
5. Having identified the final factors that are in the hands of the government, evaluate individual leaders or parties on their performance or ability to deliver on these parameters
6. Champion whichever party / leader comes out best on the basis of this evaluation. And if this means 'bashing the incumbent government' to use your terminology - then so be it.

To me all of the above is pretty much what would constitute an insightful and relevant economics thread - rather than just acting as a compendium for data, which would seem to be your goal.
If Bangladesh manages 6% average growth each year, they have rightfully earned praise; there's no need to treat a comparison to them as a pejorative as in 'we can't even grow faster than Bangladesh'.
Absolutely they would have rightfully earned praise. But my primary interest, Suraj - in that situation would be to identify why India has not been able to perform better, and focus on whether we have the right policies and leadership in place.

Your focus seems to be to act as some kind of spectator of events as they unfold - whereas my focus is on evaluating whether we have the right policies and leadership in place to be able to compete and make a concrete difference to the lives of millions in India.
Suraj
Forum Moderator
Posts: 15178
Joined: 20 Jan 2002 12:31

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Suraj »

Arjun wrote:Your focus seems to be to act as some kind of spectator of events as they unfold - whereas my focus is on evaluating whether we have the right policies and leadership in place to be able to compete and make a concrete difference to the lives of millions in India.
Do you not see the irony of complaining that a thread on a webforum is a spectator event ? Which one of the threads here or on any other forum is not a spectator event ? :) Let's have some perspective here and not get ahead of ourselves. We're all just a bunch of interested people posting about assorted current affairs topics on Seetal's website. If you'd like to effect a change, just follow Rahul Mehta's example and join politics yourself.

This thread focuses on reporting and analyzing economic data. If the falling IIP, savings/GDP or investment/GDP data over the last 3-5 years did not give you a suggestion that they were all trending down, and therefore trending down average GDP growth, that means you choose not to accept that data as an indicator that GDP growth rate was trending down. Don't claim that 'no one predicted it'.

If you're looking for some press release on the lines of 'GoI projects GDP will grow by 8.6% next year' and thereafter find it growing exactly that much, you're going to be very dissapointed. There isn't a country out there that can do that, and that's not because it's a social science, but because there are too many factors affecting the daily economic interaction of millions of people to be either controlled or predicted reliably.

By all means, analyze the available data yourself and feel free to post about the prediction models you derive to project GDP growth rate. It would be much more interesting than just bashing everything from UPA to Bangladesh to existing economic models. It's a lot easier to find things to blame than derive your own original work. Just keep the 'evaluation of leaders' aspect out of here, please.
vera_k
BRF Oldie
Posts: 4480
Joined: 20 Nov 2006 13:45

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by vera_k »

Suraj wrote: High interest rates are a probable issue here
More like high inflation is the issue.
Don
BRFite
Posts: 412
Joined: 09 Dec 2002 12:31

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Don »

http://professional.wsj.com/article/SB1 ... reno64-wsj
......observers say a growth rate of 5% isn't enough to develop a country in which about 30% of the 1.2 billion population lives on $1.25 a day, according to an International Monetary Fund report, and 13 million people reach working age every year and need jobs.

"Stronger growth is absolutely imperative for India because uUnless the economy is able to create more jobs, we will see the risk of social unrest continue to rise," said Anjalika Bardalai, an economist with the Eurasia Group, a research and risk consultancy.
Arjun
BRF Oldie
Posts: 4283
Joined: 21 Oct 2008 01:52

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Arjun »

Suraj wrote:This thread focuses on reporting and analyzing economic data. If the falling IIP, savings/GDP or investment/GDP data over the last 3-5 years did not give you a suggestion that they were all trending down, and therefore trending down average GDP growth, that means you choose not to accept that data as an indicator that GDP growth rate was trending down. Don't claim that 'no one predicted it'.
Suraj - Maybe I am not making myself clear. I have been onto this thread from late 2010 - which was a rah-rah growth period as far as the rest of the participants were concerned. I have always been skeptical about continued high growth even in that rah-rah timeframe....There were phrases like India being "destined for high growth in the future", that I distinctly remember being bandied about and I had an argument over this with you and others, which I can dig out if you are interested. My concern is not for myself, but for others being taken in by the kool-aid of economists who continue to depend on outdated models.
Suraj wrote: Just keep the 'evaluation of leaders' aspect out of here, please.
Fair enough. Maybe you ought to retitle this thread the 'Economic data compendium' thread. Anyways, will start a separate thread that fits in with my interests which I outlined earlier and I quote again:
3. What I am interested in is in identifying leading indicators (as opposed to lagging ones) that can predict the possibility of growth slowdown ahead of time or at least concurrently - so appropriate course-correction can be attempted. Business Confidence levels, Fiscal deficit, Trade imbalance, investment rate are some potentially useful leading indicators. If there are others - those would certainly be of interest.
4. Of these leading indicators, identify the ones that can indeed by controlled by the government. Eg if there are global market factors at play that may result in slowdown - that's useful to know but the government may be able to do little in such circumstance
5. Having identified the final factors that are in the hands of the government, evaluate individual leaders or parties on their performance or ability to deliver on these parameters
6. Champion whichever party / leader comes out best on the basis of this evaluation. And if this means 'bashing the incumbent government' to use your terminology - then so be it.
gakakkad
BRF Oldie
Posts: 4975
Joined: 24 May 2011 08:16

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by gakakkad »

About an year ago I posted various savings/gdp ,investment/gdp ratios which clearly showed a declining trend...that corresponds well with the decline in growth rate....

>>"being taken in by the kool-aid of economists who continue to depend on outdated models."

strictly speaking ,its is quite difficult to form a rigorous mathematical model of economic growth ...but a stripped down conceptual models can never the less be useful...

the argument that you had with Suraj was about "investment/gdp" and "savings/gdp" relation with growth rate...

We could conceptualise 3 hypothesis ..

1) Investment/gdp(I/GDP) and savings/gdp((S/GDP) have a direct proportion with growth rate...(i am not implying linearity or any other mathematical function..just saying that increase in the (S/GDP) , (I/GDP) will lead to increase in growth ...the relation could be linear, quadratic or any other mathematical function...not implying any specific function like ICOR..

2) The rations have a inverse proportion with growth...

3) the rations are unrelated with growth...

Hypothesis1 is Suraj's argument and hypothesis 3 is your argument ...hypothesis 2 is obviously counter intuitive and incorrect...

conceptually to grow you need to save and invest...and if you look at statistics there is an obvious and intuitive relation between growth and investment/savings...it is irrelevant if any of the previously established mathematical formulae connecting them (like ICOR) are correct or not as long as there exist some relation between them...
Arjun
BRF Oldie
Posts: 4283
Joined: 21 Oct 2008 01:52

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Arjun »

gakakkad wrote:Hypothesis1 is Suraj's argument and hypothesis 3 is your argument ...hypothesis 2 is obviously counter intuitive and incorrect...
GaKakkad,

No Hypothesis 3 is not my argument. Hypothesis 1 (that Investment is positively correlated to growth) is what I agree with as well, because (a) that is the relationship that is intuitively obvious and (b) given the mathematical definition of gdp (G+X+I+C), it definitely HAS to be positively correlated.

However the postulate of a linear relationship (ICOR) seems to have failed in its predictive ability. When we have savings rate or investment rate ranging between 30 - 35%, the growth rate has ranged anywhere between 5% to 11%. Do you still think ICOR is useful as an estimator of growth ?

There are a few different possibilities here-

1) Components of investment spend that go into GDP calculation can have different impacts on growth. eg, when inventories build up that typically shows up as higher investment rate...but in a scenario of declining consumer spend higher inventories can dampen growth further

2) The relationship is not a linear one, as simplistically assumed

3) Even if the dependance on investment is linear, we may be missing out the effect of other variables. ie it is not a single variable problem as is commonly assumed (GDP growth can be determined by investment rate alone). So the growth due to investment may be more than negated by other factors such as decline in consumer confidence and spend etc.
Arjun
BRF Oldie
Posts: 4283
Joined: 21 Oct 2008 01:52

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Arjun »

Rather than relying on simplistic ICOR-based mathematical models, the government should focus on optimizing a few different variables simultaneously. Possible candidates include

1. Investment rate
2. Consumer Confidence
3. Business Confidence
4. Reigning in fiscal deficit to accepted levels

The problem of the last couple of years has been that the government has been deluded into believing that 2, 3 & 4 do not matter - and that based on ICOR-based models, (1) alone will guarantee high growth. All through 2011 there were clear signs that consumer and business confidence was drastically affected by corruption charges, lack of government decisions, and many other issues. The government remained totally and completely blind to these leading factors that could have been set right at an early stage. Fiscal deficit was NEVER considered an issue - a stance that was famously enumerated and defended by Somnath when he participated on this forum.
Suraj
Forum Moderator
Posts: 15178
Joined: 20 Jan 2002 12:31

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Suraj »

ICOR and investment/GDP figures are directly related; the latter divided by the former gives an idea of the trending GDP growth rate. A higher investment rate would lead to greater economic growth, which leads to an imperative to boost savings/GDP and therefore investment/GDP.
Arjun wrote:The problem of the last couple of years has been that the government has been deluded into believing that 2, 3 & 4 do not matter - and that based on ICOR-based models, (1) alone will guarantee high growth.
It does nothing of the sort. Where do you think the investment is going to come from without consumer or business confidence ? And what's this 'ICOR-based model' anyway ? ICOR merely provides a statistical relationship between investment/GDP and GDP growth, showing that high investment combined with efficient execution will generate consistently high growth. What policies are used to accomplish high investment/GDP is another matter.
gakakkad
BRF Oldie
Posts: 4975
Joined: 24 May 2011 08:16

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by gakakkad »

Growth lagging behind capital formation and (I/GDP , S/GDP) has been a well known feature of the Indian economy since Nehru's era..ICOR has always tended to be on the higher side..but capital formation does not necessarily translate into growth..We had high ICOR even pre 1991...

IMHO, that is due to the soviet style planning component of the Indian ...for instance if a rail minister decides to start 100 trains connecting the town of Chhapra (Bihar) to all parts of the country , than it would surely figure in the capital formation stats...but it would not lead to significant growth in economic activity ....

the reason why we saw a greater correlation between ICOR and growth figures post 1991 is because there was a greater role of private sector in capital formation and hence greater growth...
Don
BRFite
Posts: 412
Joined: 09 Dec 2002 12:31

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Don »

.http://finance.yahoo.com/news/protests- ... 8A4grQtDMD


Protests and sand, but no steel: POSCO's fading India dream
Reuters – 6 hours ago..

By Frank Jack Daniel

GOBINDPUR, India (Reuters) - A few weather-beaten shipping containers, a swathe of sand and a bitterly divided village: that is all South Korea's POSCO has to show seven years after it announced plans for a $12 billion steel mill on a fertile strip in Odisha.

Last week, the project took a step forward as land was taken over from farmers for the first time since 2011, and yet Posco is still a long way from its goal of forging steel there.

Despite the years of protests and battles over environmental clearances, Posco insists it is not about to throw in the towel. However, if a court ruling on access to local iron ore goes against it, that could push it over the edge.

The fiasco over what was billed as India's single largest planned foreign investment epitomises the slow pace of industrialisation in a densely populated country where almost every major project involves moving farmers off their land.

Prime Minister Manmohan Singh has repeatedly vowed to change the snail-like progress of India's biggest industrial developments and end delays to road building and power stations, blamed for dragging economic growth and fuelling inflation.

But the issues refuse to go away.
Last edited by Don on 10 Feb 2013 19:46, edited 1 time in total.
member_20036
BRFite
Posts: 140
Joined: 11 Aug 2016 06:14

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by member_20036 »

Odisha to hand over 1554 acres of land to Posco

http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/indi ... 429862.cms
BHUBANESWAR: The Odisha government is all set to hand over 1554 acres of land to Posco-India for setting up its proposed mega steel project in Jagatsinghpur district, official sources said today.
" The state government has already handed over 546 acre of land to Posco and rest 1,554 acres is ready tobe handed over to the company," official sources said quoting recent status report on Posco-India project.
The government expects that with the handing over of the land, the company would expedite its corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities at the proposed plant site villages, sources said.
The state government maintains that the South Korean steel major required 2,700 acre of land for its 8 mtpa capacity steel facility near Paradip on stage-1. Of the immediate requirement of 2,700 acre of land, the state owned Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation (IDCO) has already acquired 2100 acre of land, itsaid.
"Balance 600 acre of land is expectedto be acquired within the next four months. After that, IDCO will be in a position to hand over this land to Posco," it said adding that the company required a total of 4,004 acre of land for setting up its proposed 12 mtpa greenfield steel project at an investment of Rs 52,000 crore.
The required land (4,004 acre) wouldbe acquired from eight villages like Nuagaon, Dhinkia, Noliasahi, Gobindpur, Polang, Bayanalakanda, Bhuyanpal and Jatadhar, sources said.
This apart, the state owned Industrial Promotion and Investment Corporation Limited ( IPICOL ) has also recommended 1,500acre of land for township at Paradip and 20 acre of land for Posco-India's corporate headquarter at Bhubaneswar, they said.
The state government has also accorded administrative approval for437.69 acre of private land for the project site and 52.30 acre for township, they said.
Arjun
BRF Oldie
Posts: 4283
Joined: 21 Oct 2008 01:52

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Arjun »

Suraj wrote: ICOR merely provides a statistical relationship between investment/GDP and GDP growth, showing that high investment combined with efficient execution will generate consistently high growth. What policies are used to accomplish high investment/GDP is another matter.
My point is that ICOR has not proven to be very useful in prediction of GDP growth - or even in setting any kind of lower bound. Primarily due to the ICOR value itself not remaining constant, having morphed from around 4 to closer to 6.

So, from the government POV what parameters would they would need to keep an eye on so growth remains high? It can't be investment rate alone - that in itself does not guarantee high growth rate. There need to be a few factors in addition to investment rate they would need to keep tabs on. And here is where macroeconomic basics (such as fiscal situation, inflation) play a role, as does consumer and business confidence levels.

The drastic fall in growth rates can be fundamentally attributed to the government's failure in remaining on top on these three fronts - fiscal deficit, consumer as well as corporate confidence / outlook. The last two due to a perception of complete lack of governance, poor leadership, corruption charges, questionable intent towards reforms...the list can go on.
Suraj
Forum Moderator
Posts: 15178
Joined: 20 Jan 2002 12:31

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Suraj »

gakakkad wrote:Growth lagging behind capital formation and (I/GDP , S/GDP) has been a well known feature of the Indian economy since Nehru's era..ICOR has always tended to be on the higher side..but capital formation does not necessarily translate into growth..We had high ICOR even pre 1991...

the reason why we saw a greater correlation between ICOR and growth figures post 1991 is because there was a greater role of private sector in capital formation and hence greater growth...
Ah, but like I said ICOR is just a statistical measure. We may have always demonstrated the ability to efficiently use meager amounts of investment, i.e. a high ICOR, but investment/GDP was *very* low until 2002-03 . Instead of talking abstract terms, here's some actual data: Economic Survey table: Pages A10 and A11, Col 5 and 17. Col 5 is Savings/GDP. Col 17 is Investment/GDP . No matter how good ICOR is, without sufficient investment/GDP, we weren't going to get high growth. We have *never* had savings/GDP higher than 30% until 2004. In fact, for most of our history, it was a pathetic figure in the mid teens. It only started consistently being in the 20%+ range since the early 1990s, and solidly in the 30% range since 2004. Of course, that's soon to change, since savings/GDP is now back at 30% thanks to the stellar performance of this administration :roll:
Arjun wrote:My point is that ICOR has not proven to be very useful in prediction of GDP growth - or even in setting any kind of lower bound. Primarily due to the ICOR value itself not remaining constant, having morphed from around 4 to closer to 6.
It's not a very useful way to project GDP growth because it doesn't do that in the first place - it is a measure of the efficiency of investment. This is like complaining that the petrol level indicator isn't telling you the car's speed - speed IS related to the petrol level, but looking at the latter isn't going to be very useful for the purpose, though it tells you if you're driving efficiently. No one else claims ICOR as a measure of growth except you. You can have very good efficiency of investment, but a if you invest nothing, you get 0 growth. Or, as we have now, we can have falling investment/GDP and falling efficiency of investment due to inflation and high cost of capital, and get the result we're getting now.

The original impetus towards savings/GDP increasing past 30%, IMHO, came from NDA's fiscal devolution measures and the FRBM Act. That initiated a period characterized by historically high savings/GDP, historically low inflation and the end result being a decade of the fastest average growth rate seen in India's history, quadrupling nominal GDP in Rupees between 2002 and 2012.

Check out the data in Page A7, col 7, which gives you annual GDP growth rates over the years. Note that some of that has been adjusted upwards, e.g. 2010-11 GDP growth was revised upwards to 9.3%, and 2011-12 revised down to 6.2%. It makes for an interesting analysis of say, 5 year rolling average growth rate compared to savings/GDP or investment/GDP .

It'll take years to turn around savings/GDP back to ~35%, even if either NaMo or Yuvraj became PM tomorrow. Consumer/business confidence is a fickle creature not easily measured - in 2002-03, the bad monsoon caused low growth even though the underlying factors, including savings/GDP were trending higher. 2003-04 was the 'India shining' year when all fell into place for the first time. It is easy for high confidence level to translate to extraordinary growth briefly - e.g. in 1988-89 we saw 10.2% GDP growth, because the previous year was a terrible drought, and it sent all the growth figures next year up because a normal year brought back demand and business output. But savings/GDP was still low, so we reverted to 4-5% average growth until the 1991 reforms. Even the initial reform years translated to only 6-7% growth since savings/GDP was still only in the mid 20% range.

So, confidence alone cannot sustain growth in the absence of a sustained high level of investment within the economy. Otherwise all it takes is a TSP style korps kamandu to thump his chest weekly on live TV and assert confidence in an economy. But they cannot and will not grow faster than about 4-5% average because they have a savings/GDP rate of about 15-20%.
Arjun
BRF Oldie
Posts: 4283
Joined: 21 Oct 2008 01:52

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Arjun »

Suraj wrote: We may have always demonstrated the ability to efficiently use meager amounts of investment, i.e. a high ICOR

Low ICOR is a sign of efficiency, not the other way around.
Suraj wrote:It's not a very useful way to project GDP growth because it doesn't do that in the first place - it is a measure of the efficiency of investment. This is like complaining that the petrol level indicator isn't telling you the car's speed - speed IS related to the petrol level, but looking at the latter isn't going to be very useful for the purpose, though it tells you if you're driving efficiently. No one else claims ICOR as a measure of growth except you.
Again you misunderstand me. I am not saying ICOR value predicts GDP growth. I am saying investment rate / ICOR value is supposed to provide a good indication of growth - but has not worked the last couple of years.
The original impetus towards savings/GDP increasing past 30%, IMHO, came from NDA's fiscal devolution measures and the FRBM Act. That initiated a period characterized by historically high savings/GDP, historically low inflation and the end result being a decade of the fastest average growth rate seen in India's history, quadrupling nominal GDP in Rupees between 2002 and 2012.
Agree with you.
Consumer/business confidence is a fickle creature not easily measured
There are quarterly surveys available nowadays of both consumer and business confidence levels.
in 2002-03, the bad monsoon caused low growth even though the underlying factors, including savings/GDP were trending higher.
Possibly. But the dependance of GDP growth on monsoon is decreasing with each passing year. Agriculture used to account for 19% of GDP in FY '05 - but in FY '12 it accounted for only 14%, and is falling every year. So a drop in agricultural growth will no longer have the same effect on overall growth that it used to have in the past.
So, confidence alone cannot sustain growth in the absence of a sustained high level of investment within the economy. Otherwise all it takes is a TSP style korps kamandu to thump his chest weekly on live TV and assert confidence in an economy. But they cannot and will not grow faster than about 4-5% average because they have a savings/GDP rate of about 15-20%.
I agree with the first sentence of the paragraph. Which is why I include investment rate as one of the measures to be actively monitored and optimized. However, my point is that high level of investment alone also cannot sustain growth in the absence of consumer and business confidence. So all these parameters as well as fiscal deficit need to be optimized simultaneously. Any one of them alone will not do the trick.

Also, just some PR like you mention is unlikely to change actual business or consumer sentiments. That requires evidence of good governance, no scams, a focus on continuing reforms, effective leadership and other qualities to come together - not an easy task by any means.
Suraj
Forum Moderator
Posts: 15178
Joined: 20 Jan 2002 12:31

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Suraj »

Arjun wrote:
Consumer/business confidence is a fickle creature not easily measured
There are quarterly surveys available nowadays of both consumer and business confidence levels.
Please post data, correlated to quarterly GDP growth.
Arjun wrote:Again you misunderstand me. I am not saying ICOR value predicts GDP growth. I am saying investment rate / ICOR value is supposed to provide a good indication of growth - but has not worked the last couple of years.
Investment/GDP was down, ICOR was up, growth was down. What has not worked in the last couple of years ?

If you're asking for a reliable leading indicator, you're asking for what effectively does not exist, simply because there are too many variables to predict. You got a model to predict oil prices (Oil bill = 5-7% of GDP) ? Western consumer demands (trade accounts for 37% of GDP, with merchandise exports accounting for 15%) ? Weather patterns ? Agriculture may only account for 15% of GDP, but it still employs *much* more than 15% of population...

Good governance is one of those things that are too obvious to merit mention. However, this thread, and the forum in general (see the guidelines in the main forum page) discourage discussion of politics, except in their own sandboxed threads.
Arjun
BRF Oldie
Posts: 4283
Joined: 21 Oct 2008 01:52

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Arjun »

Suraj wrote:Please post data, correlated to quarterly GDP growth.
I will, in a followup post.
Investment/GDP was down, ICOR was up, growth was down. What has not worked in the last couple of years ?
It has not worked as a leading indicator, period. For investment rate of between 30 - 35%, GDP growth has been all over the place between 5 - 11%.
If you're asking for a reliable leading indicator, you're asking for what effectively does not exist, simply because there are too many variables to predict. You got a model to predict oil prices (Oil bill = 5-7% of GDP) ? Western consumer demands (trade accounts for 37% of GDP, with merchandise exports accounting for 15%) ? Weather patterns ?
You seem to agree that investment rate / ICOR cannot be used a reliable leading indicator, and yet I have come across arguments on this thread in the past on the lines of 'we are at 30%+ investment rate. Our ICOR is 4...hence we are on auto-pilot mode with several years of high-growth ahead of us'. I wouldn't be surprised if that was exactly the same thought process dominating GOI actions all through 2011.

As for your point that a reliable leading indicator does not exist - you are obviously correct, there is NO accurate predictor of growth. But that's not what I am looking for. I am looking for what advice you would give a new PM / FM whose goal it is to ensure that growth is maximized over his term. What parameter / parameters would you suggest that he keeps an eye on, so as to maximize the chances of a successful outcome ? My answer to that is investment rate, keeping tabs on quarterly consumer and business confidence levels, and getting macro-economic fundamentals (fiscal deficit primarily) in shape.

You might think these are fairly obvious items - but like I mentioned earlier, it was clearly not obvious enough to the current government in 2011.
Good governance is one of those things that are too obvious to merit mention.
Obvious to you and me - but there is scant evidence that it was obvious enough to GOI in 2011.
However, this thread, and the forum in general (see the guidelines in the main forum page) discourage discussion of politics, except in their own sandboxed threads.
Shall I start a separate thread on Political Economy then, since that is of interest to me?
Suraj
Forum Moderator
Posts: 15178
Joined: 20 Jan 2002 12:31

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Suraj »

Arjun wrote:It has not worked as a leading indicator, period. For investment rate of between 30 - 35%, GDP growth has been all over the place between 5 - 11%.
It given you trending average growth, not a one year figure. Feel free to generate data from the stats I already posted - it will show you that periods of high investment/GDP correlate with high growth. Something you have not done so at all. All you've done is blame various measures, people and countries. Enough of that, please.
Arjun wrote:You seem to agree that investment rate / ICOR cannot be used a reliable leading indicator, and yet I have come across arguments on this thread in the past on the lines of 'we are at 30%+ investment rate. Our ICOR is 4...hence we are on auto-pilot mode with several years of high-growth ahead of us'. I wouldn't be surprised if that was exactly the same thought process dominating GOI actions all through 2011.

As for your point that a reliable leading indicator does not exist - you are obviously correct,
Logically inconsistent. First you say that we claimed that XYZ is a leading indicator, then that I'm correct that there is no leading indicator. Which one is it ? You don't even have attribution suggesting that anyone claimed what you claim they did.
Arjun wrote:Shall I start a separate thread on Political Economy then, since that is of interest to me?
No threads on politics in the TEF forum please. Please use the existing politics-related threads in the burqa forum to build your case first.

Once again, enough of blaming strawmen and disrupting this thread.
Arjun
BRF Oldie
Posts: 4283
Joined: 21 Oct 2008 01:52

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Arjun »

Suraj wrote:Once again, enough of blaming strawmen and disrupting this thread.
Suraj, I seriously don't know what it is that we are differing on.

We both agree that investment rate is an important measure to maximize in order to generate high growth rates. All I am saying is that it is not the only measure needed - and I don't think you disagree with that notion.

I thought I detected a hint in some posts on this thread, of investment rate/ICOR being used as an indication of future growth. If you say that is not the case - then I am not in the least interested in disputing you. Why would that be of any interest to me at all ? The only point I wish to stress on is that investment rate/ICOR should not be used as a predictor of immediate future growth and it is highly possible that is exactly the mistake the GOI had fallen into in the past.

I have no interest in a blame game out here either with people or countries (which country have I blamed?). So lets keep that completely out of the discussion. What I am interested in is the future - and in understanding what measures and kind of leadership would serve the country well.

If you say that is out of scope of this particular thread that is somewhat surprising to me - since we've had these same discussions in the past. If you want to outline some dos and donts around it, that may be one way of discussing. But if you don't think it is appropriate for this thread at all - guess we'll have to comply. I presume this bar on political discussion applies to all participants on this thread.
Suraj
Forum Moderator
Posts: 15178
Joined: 20 Jan 2002 12:31

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Suraj »

Arjun: a thread on 'political economy' is going to be a thread on politics. There are two threads on the upcoming elections and their candidates in the burqa forum, both of which, esp the NaMo one, contain plenty about economic and governance issues. You're a significant participant on that thread, and your sympathies clearly lie with the man. Please use that thread to expound on what he can or should do.

Every major thread on this forum sees some reference to politics, and everyone - including you in this thread - is given some latitude to vent on the topic to some extent. But that is not a license to turn the thread into a discussion about politics. Since you're primarily concerned about NaMo's governance please use the thread dedicated to his political rise.
subhamoy.das
BRFite
Posts: 1027
Joined: 11 Aug 2016 06:14

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by subhamoy.das »

India's per capita income rises to Rs 5,729 per month

http://www.business-standard.com/articl ... 995_1.html
Theo_Fidel

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Theo_Fidel »

Thanx for that subhamoy,

One little nugget of info.
The Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF) at current prices is estimated at Rs 29.94 lakh crore in 2012-13 as against Rs 27.49 lakh crore in 2011-12, the release said.

However, at 2004-05 constant prices, the GFCF is estimated at Rs 19.44 lakh crore in the current fiscal as against Rs 18.97 lakh crore in the previous fiscal, it added.
Vipul
BRF Oldie
Posts: 3727
Joined: 15 Jan 2005 03:30

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Vipul »

$2 trillion economy.

Six years ago India became a trillion-dollar economy. That meant it joined a select club of a dozen other economies of the world. There was much celebration of having crossed an important psychological mark. The economy’s GDP, i.e. output is measured in rupees, and then converted into dollars at the prevailing exchange rate. If the exchange rate is expensive then the dollar size of the economy looks small. So if the dollar races faster than the rate of growth of GDP, then in dollar terms the Indian economy grows slowly, or may even shrink. But thankfully the dollar rupee relationship is quite stable.

Ten years ago in May 2002, the value of $1 was about Rs 50. Today it is about Rs 53. So in ten years the dollar has become only six percent more expensive, i.e. it has become dearer at an average rate of 0.6% per year. But India’s economic size (in rupees) has grown much faster. In recent years, due to high inflation, our economy has been growing at close to 20 per cent per year. Of course in ‘real’ terms, i.e. net of inflation the average growth has been about 7 per cent. So it is not surprising that we are now almost double the size we were in 2007. India will soon be a $2 trillion economy.

When economies are measured in dollars, it is easier to do comparisons. This is even if you don’t correct for the difference in purchasing power. One dollar in America is less valuable than one dollar (or Rs 53) in India. You can get a decent meal, or ahaircut in 53 rupees in India, but not so in America. Thus the exchange rate of $1= Rs 53 overstates the weakness of the rupee. To correct for this, we apply the purchasing power correction, called purchasing power parity (PPP). But forget about PPP. Let’s keep this simple. Even without PPP correction, India will soon become a $2 trillion economy.

During the days it was close to 1 trillion size, the GDP growth rate was 9 per cent. This was the growth rate achieved during 2003 to 2007. Since we had an NDA government from 1999 to 2004, and UPA thereafter, credit for that high growth phase is contested by both political factions.

Maybe the reforms of 1991 finally paid off in 2003. The fact is that since 2008, partly due to a global financial crisis, India’s growth has gone down steadily.

From 9 we have come down to 5. But wait. Simple math tells us that an economy of size 1 trillion growing at 9% is the same as 4.5% growth for an economy twice the size. As the base grows larger and larger, in percentage, the addition of the same amount of ‘real’ growth means lower and lower growth rate. And by the way we are growing at 5.5 per cent, which is more than 4.5.

So let’s stop the breast beating about the slowdown. It’s bad, but not disastrous. We live in a world in which most western economies are struggling to avoid a recession. They have high unemployment. (Spain has 26 per cent).

In Japan they are craving for some high inflation, because they have deflation. In most European countries the fiscal deficit is much higher than India. Of course we don’t need to become complacent.

Anything below 5 per cent should be treated as recessionary in India, since this becomes jobless growth. We are $2 trillion size, but we also have 1.2 billion mouths to feed. We also need to narrow the widening gap between the rich and poor. Thankfully the outlook for investment, food production and fiscal deficit for next year is much brighter than this year. And if we keep up the tempo, we will double our size again in the next six or seven year.
Virupaksha
BR Mainsite Crew
Posts: 3110
Joined: 28 Jun 2007 06:36

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Virupaksha »

That article is an absolute apologist article for the ruling party. Include the population growth and our low per capita income and thus poverty (our low base even after these years of growth) - that is just the scraping of the bottom and back to the failed disastrous Nehruian growth rates and lost decades and generations. He is trying to put a positive spin over going back to these lost decades.
Suraj
Forum Moderator
Posts: 15178
Joined: 20 Jan 2002 12:31

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Suraj »

Virupaksha wrote:That article is an absolute apologist article for the ruling party. Include the population growth and our low per capita income and thus poverty (our low base even after these years of growth) - that is just the scraping of the bottom and back to the failed disastrous Nehruian growth rates and lost decades and generations. He is trying to put a positive spin over going back to these lost decades.
Absolutely. Nonsensical argument that because 4.5% growth by a $2 trillion economy adds as much output as 9% growth by a $1 trillion economy, things aren't so bad. Extremely irresponsible journalism.
nachiket
Forum Moderator
Posts: 9203
Joined: 02 Dec 2008 10:49

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by nachiket »

^^The ruling regime is just trying to calm the people who are alarmed by the appalling state of the economy. Unfortunately for them, there is still a whole year to go before elections, and things only seem to be getting worse.
Virupaksha
BR Mainsite Crew
Posts: 3110
Joined: 28 Jun 2007 06:36

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Virupaksha »

Just noticed that the article's author is from the Birla stable. With the cozy Birla-Gandhi dynasty relationship, expecting anything else is a mockery of our own intelligence.
Theo_Fidel

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Theo_Fidel »

Not only that it also fails to factor in dollar inflation. That alone means that $100 Billion of growth today is only worth $70 Billion of the growth in 2002.
Pratyush
BRF Oldie
Posts: 12686
Joined: 05 Mar 2010 15:13

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Pratyush »

Slump is probably over, IIP likely to have edged up in Dec

Govt sitting on surplus cash, may borrow less in new fiscal

Gurus, does the second link suggest that the Indian deficit has reduced, or it a different thing entirely?
Don
BRFite
Posts: 412
Joined: 09 Dec 2002 12:31

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Don »

http://finance.yahoo.com/news/rbi-gover ... sAQmzQtDMD
RBI governor warns on record current account gap
Reuters – Mon, Feb 11, 2013 8:11 AM EST

MUMBAI (Reuters) - India's current account deficit is likely to reach a record high in the fiscal year that ends in March, its central bank governor warned, a gap which the bank said previously needed to shrink for it to cut interest rates further.

Reserve Bank of India Governor Duvvuri Subbarao said in a speech on Monday the country needed more foreign investment in assets such as plants and equipment rather than in its equity and debt markets, which investors can withdraw quickly.

"We are financing our current account deficit through increasingly volatile flows. Instead we should ideally be getting as much foreign direct investment as possible to finance the current account deficit," he said.

India's current account gap widened to a record high of 5.4 percent of GDP in the September quarter.

The Reserve Bank of India cut interest rates for the first time in nine months last month but warned at the time that a lower current account deficit and easing inflation would be needed for it to make more cuts.

In the previous fiscal year, the current account deficit was 4.2 percent of GDP, and economists are expecting it to be close to 5 percent of GDP for the current fiscal year.

"Today, the external sector is vulnerable," Subbarao said.

"We would not worry so much if the current account deficit was on account of import of capital goods. But here we are having a current account deficit because of import of oil, because of import of gold," he said.

India recently raised import tariffs on gold in order to slow imports
Don
BRFite
Posts: 412
Joined: 09 Dec 2002 12:31

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Don »

http://finance.yahoo.com/news/india-eco ... kAaIOPIsF_.
India economy recovery hopes dashed as output unexpectedly shrinks

By Arup Roychoudhury | Reuters – 8 hours ago.

NEW DELHI (Reuters) - India's industrial production unexpectedly shrank for a second straight month in December, weighed down by weak investment and consumer demand, casting doubt on Finance Minister P. Chidambaram's view that Asia's-third largest economy is showing signs of recovery.

The index of industrial production (IIP) fell 0.6 percent annually in December, data released by the Central Statistics Office showed on Tuesday.

A Reuters poll of 24 economists had expected growth of 1.1 percent, after output shrank 0.8 percent in November (Xetra: A0Z24E - news) .

Manufacturing output, which accounts for the bulk of industrial production and contributes about 15 percent to overall gross domestic product (GDP), fell 0.7 percent in December from a year earlier.

"What is clear is that any meaningful industrial recovery is eluding us. Demand destruction is far more well entrenched than we thought," said Sujan Hajra, chief economist at brokerage firm Anand Rathi in Mumbai, who said he now sees GDP growth next year of 5-6 percent.

Preliminary data from India's statistics office last week predicted growth of 5 percent for the fiscal year ending in March 2013.

That was worse than anticipated and triggered an angry response from Chidambaram.

Chidambaram said the Central Statistical Organisation had used "dated data" and argued that GDP growth was following an upward trend in a sign of revival. He reiterated his view that 5.5 percent growth was possible.

"We can recapture the magic of 2004-08. The average growth was 8.5 per cent during that period," he said on Saturday.

"Why should we, without any reason, denigrate our own performance and record? I have no doubt in my mind that we will come out of the trough and we will climb back to a growth rate of between 6-7 percent next year," he said.

Chidambaram is under political pressure to unveil a growth-oriented budget on February 28 for the next fiscal year, as the government of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh gears up for an election due by early 2014 at the latest.

But he is also faced with the arduous task of trimming a swollen fiscal deficit that has put India's investment-grade credit rating in peril. He has already ordered spending cuts in welfare, defence and road projects for this financial year.

Critics warn that at a time of low growth, lower spending risks deepening the slowdown without helping the deficit-to-GDP ratio.

RATE CUTS MAY HELP

The Reserve Bank of India reduced its policy interest rates by a widely expected 25 basis points on January 29 to spur the economy, and investors hope slower price rises will lead to another.

"Despite incremental efforts we are still staring at a weak growth print," said Jyotinder Kaur, economist at HDFC Bank (BSE: HDFCBANK.BO - news) .

"We expect a rate cut in March as growth is consistently surprising on the downside while the pace of CPI (consumer price inflation) has stabilised."

Consumer price inflation inched up to 10.79 percent in January from 10.56 percent a month ago, according to other data on Tuesday.

January wholesale price index data, which the Reserve Bank of India gives more weight to in setting policy, is due on Friday. The index for December rose 7.18 percent, the slowest in three years.
Theo_Fidel

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Theo_Fidel »

Why is 'Don' cutting and pasting entire articles here. This is not a media monitor forum. Causing thread disruption.
-----------------------------

Read the article post by Pratyush carefully folks.

I happen to think that the present slow down also has a lot to do with the crimping of Government spending. It visible that GOI has cut back severely on spending, inflation is declining, MNREGA man days have shrunk, GOI is now sitting on a pile of cash and RBI is dropping interest rates, meaning there is a lot of money looking for somewhere else to go.

Despite all our growth private consumption is not strong enough to power the Indian growth rate, and is incredibly declining right now. We need GOI spending as well, atleast in the form of pump priming to get the next round of 8%-9% growth back.

Image

Also Take a look at this. Capital formation is surging again. Almost up to 2005-2008 levels. Look at the 2008 plunge. I suspect were are still feeling the effects of that crash.

Image

It is very much possible we will snap out of this funk shortly.
Suraj
Forum Moderator
Posts: 15178
Joined: 20 Jan 2002 12:31

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Suraj »

Don serves the purpose of a useful idiot. He posts negative articles about India and positive articles about China without comment, like zlin used to do. Someone has to do the job of trawling news websites and posting stuff here. Please leave him alone. As long as his posts are intermittent and contain something useful data-wise, he's not trolling. At least here he gets to do this stuff. If he posts negative articles about Xi Jinping on Weibo we'd probably never hear from him again.
Theo_Fidel

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Theo_Fidel »

I don’t mind him posting but don’t we have a standing order against cutting and posting entire articles if it can be avoided.
Going through concise posts and then running into pages of full length media articles is annoying.
Prem
BRF Oldie
Posts: 21234
Joined: 01 Jul 1999 11:31
Location: Weighing and Waiting 8T Yconomy

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Prem »

http://www.cio.com/article/728698/India ... s_Recovery

Indian Outsourcing Trade Body Forecasts Recovery
IDG News Service (Bangalore Bureau) — India's provision of outsourcing services to other countries will grow by 12 to 14 percent in the fiscal year starting April 1, a trade body predicted Tuesday.
Demand for outsourcing services has been slowly picking up, according to analysts. Top Indian outsourcing companies including Tata Consultancy Services and Infosys reported better revenue and profit growth in the fourth calendar quarter of last year.The National Association of Software and Services Companies (Nasscom) now forecasts that India's exports of software and services will be between US$84 billion to $87 billion in the Indian fiscal year from April 2013 to March 2014.Exports are expected to reach $75.8 billion in the current fiscal year, a year-on-year growth rate of 10.2 per cent, Nasscom said.Analysts have forecast an improvement in India's outsourcing industry, which was hit for many quarters by shrinking budgets and a slowdown in decision making by customers in the U.S. and Europe.
RoyG
BRF Oldie
Posts: 5619
Joined: 10 Aug 2009 05:10

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by RoyG »

Theo_Fidel wrote:Why is 'Don' cutting and pasting entire articles here. This is not a media monitor forum. Causing thread disruption.
-----------------------------

Read the article post by Pratyush carefully folks.

I happen to think that the present slow down also has a lot to do with the crimping of Government spending. It visible that GOI has cut back severely on spending, inflation is declining, MNREGA man days have shrunk, GOI is now sitting on a pile of cash and RBI is dropping interest rates, meaning there is a lot of money looking for somewhere else to go.

Despite all our growth private consumption is not strong enough to power the Indian growth rate, and is incredibly declining right now. We need GOI spending as well, atleast in the form of pump priming to get the next round of 8%-9% growth back.

Image

Also Take a look at this. Capital formation is surging again. Almost up to 2005-2008 levels. Look at the 2008 plunge. I suspect were are still feeling the effects of that crash.

Image

It is very much possible we will snap out of this funk shortly.
Public spending will not stimulate real growth. Real growth will come with less regulation, simplified tax code, savings, and investments in productive enterprises. The reason Indians are flocking to gold more and more every year is reflective of the declining value of the Indian Rupee due to the inflationary populist policies of the UPA. The RBI has been increasing interest rates every year to battle this inflation and cutting by 25 bps is only a small blip in the ever increasing rate trend. If the UPA had enacted policies to strengthen the rupee the citizenry would have more purchasing power and would have boosted domestic consumption while at the same time maintaining adequate savings thanks to women of the household.
Suraj
Forum Moderator
Posts: 15178
Joined: 20 Jan 2002 12:31

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Suraj »

Four defaulters owe income tax dues worth Rs 2,12,449 cr ($40 billion) in Mumbai
Fiscal deficit can be partially reduced if the tax authorities succeed in the recovery of tax arrears worth Rs 2,12,449 crore from four defaulters including Hasan Ali Group (Rs 1,65,663 crore), Harshad Mehta Group (Rs 39,740 crore), Ketan Parekh Group (Rs 4,477 crore) and Manoj Punamiya Group (Rs 2,569 crore).

I-T Department, Mumbai region, which contributes almost a third to the direct tax kitty, in its internal presentation said as far as recovery of Rs 1,65,663 crore worth from the Hasan Ali Group, the department’s appeal is pending with the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal while cases pertaining to Harshad Mehta Group and Ketan Parekh Group are pending before Special Court. In case of Manoj Punamiya Group, most of its is protective addition and not enforceable as of now. The tax arrears by these four groups constitute 69% of the total arrears of Rs 3,09,721 crore (as on December 31, 2012).

These tax arrears matters are classified into foreign tax jurisdictions (Hasan Ali Group and Manoj Punamiya Group) and scam related (Harshad Mehta and Ketan Parekh).

Meanwhile, I-T department observed that the main challenge comes from large scale cash transactions in the economy which hardly leaves any trail for investigation. “In many cases, accounted transactions at one stage become unaccounted at subsequent stages such as in commodities like steel (scrap), cement, textiles (yarn, grey cloth) and diamonds. Cash component of investments in bullion and properties (more in lands), absorbs a large amount of “black” or undisclosed income. The economic and commercial activity needs to be regulated so that transactions are through banking channels and have an audit trail, reducing the need for cash to the extent possible,” the department said.
Suraj
Forum Moderator
Posts: 15178
Joined: 20 Jan 2002 12:31

Re: Indian Economy - News & Discussion 27 May 2012

Post by Suraj »

Shankar Acharya, an avowed opponent of GoI's profligacy, previews the budget concerns:
Macroeconomic context and Budget
Sharply slowing economic growth is just one, albeit crucially important, facet of our bad economic performance since 2008. As the upper panel of the table shows, our macro performance has worsened on every other major dimension as well, especially when compared to the “golden age” of 2003-08. Inflation, as measured by the broad-based GDP deflator, has been unrelentingly high, at above eight per cent in most years. This is in large part due to the prolonged fiscal profligacy of last five years: the combined (Centre plus states) fiscal deficit more than doubled in 2008-09 from its post-consolidation low of 4.1 per cent of GDP in 2007-08 and has stayed above eight per cent of GDP ever since, except for a short-lived dip in 2010-11 because of massive receipts from one-off telecom spectrum sales. The balance of payments has deteriorated steadily and ominously, with the current account deficit (or CAD in Wodehouse terminology) increasing from less than half a percent of GDP in 2003-08 to nearly three per cent in 2009-10 and 2010-11 and worsening to record levels in excess of four per cent of GDP in 2011-12 and 2012-13. In part, this reflects the substantial decline in gross domestic savings from 37 per cent of GDP in 2007-08 to around 30 per cent at present. The main culprits have been government savings and corporate savings. Gross investment rates have also fallen, but by much less than savings. Indeed, the resilience of aggregate investment rates shown by the national accounts is hard to reconcile with all the other indicators of lacklustre investment such as weak capital goods production, stalled projects and slim order books.
As has been stated here several times, the erosion of the savings/GDP made it impossible to sustain high levels of growth, compared to late 2007-08, when despite the 'overheating economy' talk, the high savings/GDP at the time enabled three more fiscal years of 8%+ GDP growth. Chidambaram has the dubious distinction of having twice been in the role of FM during the erosion of a growth cycle, the first being as the FM of the minority government following PVNRs administration.
Locked