Physics Discussion Thread

[sanman]

FWIW, Here is some skeptical perspective:

- While the discovery of the dumbbell-shaped Beryllium-10 nucleus is intriguing... some points with a healthy dose of skepticism:
>> Unusual shape doesn't guarantee unique properties: The dumbbell shape might not necessarily lead to exceptional stability, fusion, or fission characteristics. Further research is needed to determine if this structure truly confers advantageous properties.

>> Fusion and fission scenarios are speculative: ... While Beryllium-10's structure might make it a fusion candidate, the actual dynamics and energy requirements for such reactions are still unknown.

>> Similarly, fission-like processes are purely hypothetical at this point.

>> Neutron emission and safety: Even if Beryllium-10 were to exhibit lower neutron emission, it's uncertain whether this would translate to improved safety in nuclear applications. Other factors, such as radiation protection and containment, would still need to be addressed.
>>
Scalability and practicality: Even if Beryllium-10 exhibits promising properties, it's unclear whether these could be scaled up for practical applications.
>> More research is needed: While this discovery is fascinating, one needs to approach these findings with a critical and nuanced perspective. ...

(OTOH As a physicist, if there is time.. it may be fun to dive into the implications of this unusual Beryllium-10 nucleus.
Stability and disruptability --:The dumbbell shape could indeed impact stability and disruptability. The two He4 nuclei, being attached and orbited by neutrons, might create a unique binding energy landscape. This could lead to enhanced stability against certain decay modes ...but we would know more..

Fair enough. One thing I'd realized later after making my remarks, was that this much smaller nucleus would present an abysmally low cross section as a fission target. So it's highly unlikely that such a low cross sectional area would be able to sustain fission reaction statistics. So at best, it could only be a target of an external spallation source. (just as we know for Thorium, only much more so)


Another one I wanted to ask you about was the hybrid Fission-Fusion Thorium reactor concept.

So it uses a fusion reaction operating below breakeven as a neutron source for a thorium blanket, which itself releases energy that is then put back in to power that fusion reaction. The advantage is that it does the thorium breeding without requiring any precious uranium as input.

https://www.popularmechanics.com/scienc ... r-reactor/

Russian Scientists Reveal Plans for Fusion-Fission Reactor

https://phys.org/news/2020-01-scientist ... actor.html

Scientists develop a concept of a hybrid thorium reactor
by Tomsk Polytechnic University

https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/pf ... 1/_article

Fuel Evolution in Hybrid Reactor Based on Thorium Subcritical Assembly with Open Trap as Fusion Neutron Source (Computer Simulations)

Abstract
Results of computer simulation of the fuel evolution in thorium nuclear cycle in a subcritical assembly in case of thorium-plutonium initial composition is presented in the paper. The simulation is conducted for specialized facility in which a long solenoid with hot plasma is situated inside of the subcritical fuel assembly. The plasma column produces additional neutrons due to D-D fusion reaction that are necessary for a fission reactor with this assembly. Total intensity of neutron emission over all plasma volume with the length of 3 m is N = 2 × 1016 neutrons per second. We have chosen the percentage of plutonium 5% in thorium-plutonium initial composition and in this case, the effective coefficient of neutron multiplication is 0.95, as shown by our simulation. The fuel evolution was calculated for duration of operation time 3000 days. As a result, we have demonstrated the decrease in the coefficient of neutron multiplication and in the power of the nuclear fission process in the described time. Results of simulations are discussed.

[sanman]

Amber ji and others, I want to mention another interesting idea which I feel BARC, DRDO, ISRO and other Indian technical institutions should investigate:

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1 ... 012011/pdf


RTPV (RadioThermoPhotoVoltaics)

Whereas the Radioisotope Thermal Generator (RTG) has a nuclear isotope (eg. PU-238) producing heat which is converted via a thermocouple into electricity, the Radioisotope ThermoPhotoVoltaic device takes the heat produced by the nuclear isotope and converts it to light, which is then photovoltaically converted to electricity. This apparently offers the possibility of higher conversion efficiency than a thermocouple, while also potentially allowing for higher power density. Remember that unlike electrical current flowing through a conductor, photons traveling through space experience no resistance, and can transfer unlimited amounts of power. While photons do experience falloff with distance (ie. inverse-square law) this isn't really significant within the confines of a small enough device.

[Amber G.]

<removed>

[Amber G.]

Two greats..

[Vayutuvan]

Sir CV Raman and ...?

[sanman]

Sir CV Raman and ...?

Apparently it's Wolfgang Pauli, originator of the Pauli exclusion principle which says that no two electrons in an atom could have identical sets of quantum numbers. He also postulated the existence of the neutrino.

[Amber G.]

^^^Yes! Both Physics laureates Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (left) and Wolfgang Pauli (right) at the Nobel Laureate meeting in Lindau (around 1956) (Credit Photo: CERN )

Another one from the archive..

[sanman]

Here's a video I just saw, which talks about a newly postulated "photomolecular effect" which is apparently analogous to the Photoelectric Effect which allows electrons to be liberated by incident light.



Should Indian climatologists then revise their models for better understanding of water cycle and weather systems?

[Amber G.]

^^^ From MIT news (in April):How light can vaporize water without the need for heat

Some what in Layman's' language about this “photomolecular effect” discovered by MIT researchers could affect calculations of climate change and may lead to improved desalination and drying processes.

[Amber G.]

From archives:
Name this Padma Vibhushan .. mentioned many times in BRF..
(He was a professor at UC Santa Cruz and a philanthropist who supported Sikh culture and studies among other things)

[ernest]

I'll guess Narinder Singh Kampany.

[Amber G.]

^^^ Yes! Thanks. Checkout..
viewtopic.php?p=2523313&hilit=narinder#p2523313

Or
viewtopic.php?p=2305024&hilit=narinder#p2305024

[Hriday]

Topic: Cataclysm.

I am forwarding some descriptions and links of three proposals from three persons on the subject of the coming cataclysm.

The interesting thing is that the cataclysm seems near to us and several of the phenomena described in these theories had already started to occur, namely the 'The South Atlantic Anomaly' reported near South Africa and accelerated shifting of magnetic poles and the weakening of the Earth's magnetic field.
As per @OMApproach in X, authorities had stopped updating the public about the accelerated magnetic pole shift.

If the folks here who have a science background can verify or give an explanation on this, it will be helpful for others.

The three persons who proposed the three different theories are,
1. Chan Thomas - The Adam and Eve Story- The History of Cataclysms (book)
2.@EthicalSkeptic in X (Twitter).
3.@SunWeatherMan in X (Twitter).


The first proposal by Thomas Chan given in his book; Adam and Eve's Story- The History of Cataclysms, was censored by the CIA for a long time indicating that the book is worth our attention. I gave a short description of this book in the Book Folder thread today. The free-to-read book is available on archive.org.


1.
A short description of the three theories.
https://x.com/OMApproach/status/1795169 ... h5Inw&s=19

2.
A table is given here listing the major climatic, solar and geomagnetic events with the interval of 6000 years.
https://x.com/OMApproach/status/1799197 ... fyZhA&s=19

3.
Three links on the second theory by Ethical Skeptic.

https://x.com/OMApproach/status/1792539 ... MWKvA&s=19

https://x.com/OMApproach/status/1798732 ... V4xEw&s=19

https://x.com/EthicalSkeptic/status/179 ... mCxVQ&s=19

4. More summarised info.
https://x.com/OMApproach/status/1795931 ... JXdNg&s=19

https://x.com/OMApproach/status/1787892 ... eXQuw&s=19

https://x.com/OMApproach/status/1785053 ... _eVcQ&s=19

[Amber G.]

^^^^There is no scientific evidence to support the idea of an imminent pole shift or cataclysmic event. While the Earth's magnetic poles do shift and the Earth's magnetic field does weaken, these changes occur over thousands of years and are a natural part of the Earth's geological processes. The South Atlantic Anomaly is a known phenomenon, but it is not a sign of an imminent geomagnetic reversal.

[Hriday]

^^^^There is no scientific evidence to support the idea of an imminent pole shift or cataclysmic event. While the Earth's magnetic poles do shift and the Earth's magnetic field does weaken, these changes occur over thousands of years and are a natural part of the Earth's geological processes. The South Atlantic Anomaly is a known phenomenon, but it is not a sign of an imminent geomagnetic reversal.

Why then CIA censored the book by Chan Thomas for several decades ?

Below is from the first link in section 4 in my post. The screenshot of the first page of the below given US Navy study is also given in the link.

There is a study made by the US Navy from 2015 called 'Cataclysmic Polarity Shift' which states that the Earth is undergoing electromagnetic reversals, and the Earth's magnetic field has weakened by 40% in the last 400 years, with the reversal speeding up. They conclude that the pole shift might occur within the span of a human lifetime, indicating that it could take place during our lifetime.

[sudarshan]

From wikipedia

(I had to battle heavy CIA censorship to get the below quoted text)

Starting in the late 1800s and throughout the 1900s and later, the overall geomagnetic field has become weaker; the present strong deterioration corresponds to a 10–15% decline and has accelerated since 2000; geomagnetic intensity has declined almost continuously from a maximum 35% above the modern value, from circa year 1 AD. The rate of decrease and the current strength are within the normal range of variation, as shown by the record of past magnetic fields recorded in rocks.

The nature of Earth's magnetic field is one of heteroscedastic (seemingly random) fluctuation. An instantaneous measurement of it, or several measurements of it across the span of decades or centuries, are not sufficient to extrapolate an overall trend in the field strength. It has gone up and down in the past for unknown reasons. Also, noting the local intensity of the dipole field (or its fluctuation) is insufficient to characterize Earth's magnetic field as a whole, as it is not strictly a dipole field. The dipole component of Earth's field can diminish even while the total magnetic field remains the same or increases.

Why then CIA censored the book by Chan Thomas for several decades ?

Also from Wikipedia (Chan Thomas)

In 1963, he published the book The Adam and Eve Story which interpreted the Book of Genesis, several pre-Biblical legends, and historical geological phenomena to make the pseudoscientific claim that the Earth has routinely been hit by cataclysmic events every 7,000 years. These alleged cataclysms involved the Earth's poles switching place, causing earthquakes, tsunamis and supersonic winds to wipe out entire civilizations. Thomas claimed that another such event was on the horizon.[1]

The book also claimed that Jesus Christ was a scholar who lived among tribes in what is now the Indian state of Nagaland, and that he was taken away by aliens after his crucifixion.[1]

[Hriday]

From wikipedia

(I had to battle heavy CIA censorship to get the below-quoted text)

I went through the book, and he cited other scientists' works that show the cataclysmic level changes in geology to present his theory that pole shifts regularly happened in the past.

The Wikipedia data is available after the CIA declassified his book in 2013, am I correct?

The question still remains; why did the CIA censor his book?

Below is the research study from the USA Defence College named Cataclysmic Polarity Shift, released in 2015. The study says that a Cataclysmic pole shift can happen in our lifetime

Is this study also a pseudoscience as claimed by Wikipedia?

https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/AD1040918.pdf

[bala]

While we are on CIA censored material here is one on an artifact dated to 26450 BC Shiva/Vishnu Idol - Kalpa maha-ayusham rasayana vigraha.

A heavy chest containing a 47 gram metal alloy idol was given to CIA officials for safekeeping at Lo Monthang (called “Mustang” in CIA files) by a Tibetan monk accompanied by Khampa bodyguards in 1959. The monk apparently verbally told CIA officials the importance of the chest and its contents which the CIA wrote down. The idol, the lining, the rivets, the wooden slat manuscript, the box wood, the inner organic deposits in crevices – all were carbon dated (C14) by the University of California Radiation Laboratory, Berkeley. The results astounded the CIA officials as it stood at 26450 BC. The old pre-Rigvedic Sanskrit manuscript was translated by the CIA with great difficulty, with some Indians involved. The manuscript mentioned the name of the idol – “kalpa maha-ayusham rasayana vigraha”. The idol with CIA shows the sudarshana chakra static, held low and it depicts Lord Vishnu after receiving the weapon.

It was told by the monk that this idol if placed in water inside a copper vessel for nine days, would charge the water. If this water is given to humans they will have very long life. The “charged” water was thus sent to various US laboratories. The water was secretly administered to select US Citizens and tracked. Most of them lived a long life

Link containing the photo.
https://theunexplainedmysteries.com/kalpa-vigraha.html

[Vayutuvan]

@bala ji, I am skeptical.

[Amber G.]

Will probably will be the last comment here, but FWIW This pseudo-science is beyond silly..

^^^^There is no scientific evidence to support the idea of an imminent pole shift or cataclysmic event. While the Earth's magnetic poles do shift and the Earth's magnetic field does weaken, these changes occur over thousands of years and are a natural part of the Earth's geological processes. The South Atlantic Anomaly is a known phenomenon, but it is not a sign of an imminent geomagnetic reversal.

Why then CIA censored the book by Chan Thomas for several decades ?

(REALLY CIA censored it)
One should be skeptical of claims of censorship simply because someone says so. It's like saying, 'For decades, the CIA censored a book that claimed the sun rises in the north and not the east.' Just because someone makes a claim doesn't mean it's true.. something nonsense remains nonsense even if you claimed "CIA hid it". /sigh/

Measuring the Earth's magnetic field is a simple task that any college student can do. The information in those links / much of it is nonsense that can be easily verified. Find a trustworthy physics expert to learn more about what interests you and be skeptical of claims of censorship or other sensational assertions without evidence.
(IMO .. honestly . virtually everything i glanced in your links is not much more than nonsense..

If you are interested talk to some body with *real* knowledge in physics.. or any good textbook, reputable references..
Eg checkout: https://www.sciencealert.com/is-earths- ... t-explains
https://www.inverse.com/science/earth-m ... flip-chaos
or even Wiki is quite ok https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cataclysm ... hypothesis

[Amber G.]

In 1963, he published the book The Adam and Eve Story which interpreted the Book of Genesis, several pre-Biblical legends, and historical geological phenomena to make the pseudoscientific claim that the Earth has routinely been hit by cataclysmic events every 7,000 years. These alleged cataclysms involved the Earth's poles switching place, causing earthquakes, tsunamis and supersonic winds to wipe out entire civilizations. Thomas claimed that another such event was on the horizon.[1]

The book also claimed that Jesus Christ was a scholar who lived among tribes in what is now the Indian state of Nagaland, and that he was taken away by aliens after his crucifixion.[1]

Also:

... small team of researchers to investigate reports of UFOs with the goal of discovering the underlying science that powered such vehicles.[2] Thomas was reportedly one of four full-time researchers on the team. T
... Thomas also claimed to have ESP, having written a handbook on the topic, and said he had made contact with extraterrestrial life.[3] James Randi criticized Thomas' prediction that Los Angeles would succumb to a future catastrophe, noting that Thomas was careful to place his disaster "between the year 2000 and 2500. He was able to assume that he would be safely in his grave by then and unavailable for comment.

The CIA declassified documents in 2013 that included large excerpts from Thomas' book The Adam and Eve Story. ( the declassified CIA document contained the excerpts of the book -- and some einsteins think CIA censored the book ) .. In subsequent years, the book's claims were repeated by conspiracy theorists in numerous viral TikTok videos.[1] One conspiracy theorist also recounted the book's claims on the Joe Rogan Experience podcast. Media Matters for America concluded that this trend was part of a wider framing of climate change an inevitable catastrophe that is beyond the control of humanity, which it considers to be a form of climate change denial.

[Amber G.]

The idol, the lining, the rivets, the wooden slat manuscript, the box wood, the inner organic deposits in crevices – all were carbon dated (C14) by the University of California Radiation Laboratory, Berkeley. The results astounded the CIA officials as it stood at 26450 BC.

A physicist/logical view!
Let's examine the claims with a critical eye.

Red flags:

Unrealistic date range: 26,450 BC is far beyond the accepted range for radiocarbon dating of that precision. This already raises suspicions.

(For perspective oldest wood dated with C14 dating , AFAIK, is about 14000 years old - that too with many decades of uncertainty)

Lack of detail: No information is provided about the specific samples, their condition, or the testing procedures used. This lack of transparency makes it difficult to verify the results.

Single laboratory: The results come from only one laboratory, which may not be sufficient for such an extraordinary claim. Replication by multiple independent labs is essential for confirmation.

No peer review: There is no mention of the results being published in a reputable scientific journal or undergoing rigorous peer review. .. (Just some body claimed something.

Limitations of C14 dating:

Contamination risk: Samples can be contaminated with modern carbon/
te quality and integrity of the samples may have been compromised over time.

The calibration curve for C14 dating is not linear, and small errors in calibration can result in significant errors in the calculated age.

Methodological limitations: C14 dating is not suitable for such samples as the amount of C14 becomes too small to measure accurately.

Given the unrealistic date range, lack of detail, and limitations of C14 dating, it's highly unlikely that the results are accurate. The claim should be treated as nonsense until evidence and rigorous scientific verification are provided.

]Remember, extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence![

For those who know even the elementary physics/math can calculate that an object 26,000 BC = (about 5 half-lives as half life of C14 is about 5700 years) and more that 98% of C14 will be decayed! - making the dating extremely difficult)

[Amber G.]

Is this study also a pseudoscience as claimed by Wikipedia?

Yes!

The cataclysmic pole shift hypothesis is a pseudo-scientific claim that there have been recent, geologically rapid shifts in the axis of rotation of Earth, causing calamities such as floods and tectonic events[1] or relatively rapid climate changes.

There is evidence of precession and changes in axial tilt, but this change is on much longer time-scales and does not involve relative motion of the spin axis with respect to the planet. However, in what is known as true polar wander, the Earth rotates with respect to a fixed spin axis. Research shows that during the last 200 million years a total true polar wander of some 30° has occurred, but that no rapid shifts in Earth's geographic axial pole were found during this period.[2] A characteristic rate of true polar wander is 1° or less per million years.[3] Between approximately 790 and 810 million years ago, when the supercontinent Rodinia existed, two geologically rapid phases of true polar wander may have occurred. In each of these, the magnetic poles of Earth shifted by approximately 55° due to a large shift in the crust.

[V_Raman]

While we are on CIA censored material here is one on an artifact dated to 26450 BC Shiva/Vishnu Idol - Kalpa maha-ayusham rasayana vigraha.

A heavy chest containing a 47 gram metal alloy idol was given to CIA officials for safekeeping at Lo Monthang (called “Mustang” in CIA files) by a Tibetan monk accompanied by Khampa bodyguards in 1959. The monk apparently verbally told CIA officials the importance of the chest and its contents which the CIA wrote down. The idol, the lining, the rivets, the wooden slat manuscript, the box wood, the inner organic deposits in crevices – all were carbon dated (C14) by the University of California Radiation Laboratory, Berkeley. The results astounded the CIA officials as it stood at 26450 BC. The old pre-Rigvedic Sanskrit manuscript was translated by the CIA with great difficulty, with some Indians involved. The manuscript mentioned the name of the idol – “kalpa maha-ayusham rasayana vigraha”. The idol with CIA shows the sudarshana chakra static, held low and it depicts Lord Vishnu after receiving the weapon.

It was told by the monk that this idol if placed in water inside a copper vessel for nine days, would charge the water. If this water is given to humans they will have very long life. The “charged” water was thus sent to various US laboratories. The water was secretly administered to select US Citizens and tracked. Most of them lived a long life

Link containing the photo.
https://theunexplainedmysteries.com/kalpa-vigraha.html

This is like the story of Shiva Trilogy by Amith Tripathi where the secret of the somras was handed over to Tibetian people in the end

[Hriday]

[1]

Also:

...
The CIA declassified documents in 2013 that included large excerpts from Thomas' book The Adam and Eve Story. ( the declassified CIA document contained the excerpts of the book -- and some einsteins think CIA censored the book ) .. In subsequent years, the book's claims were repeated by conspiracy theorists in numerous viral TikTok videos.[1] One conspiracy theorist also recounted the book's claims on the Joe Rogan Experience podcast.

I have a question. Publishing classified information is a crime, isn't it? Then how come a large part of his book came under classified information? Most probably it is after the publication that this book comes under restrictions, am I correct?

Can anyone comment on this issue ?

When I went through this book the portion which describes the physics of cataclysms is not that very long. So I suggest people to read it and draw your own conclusions. At least give the face value of the fact that CIA classified a large part of it.

[Amber G.]

<snip>
I have a question. Publishing classified information is a crime, isn't it? Then how come a large part of his book came under classified information? Most probably it is after the publication that this book comes under restrictions, am I correct?

Can anyone comment on this issue ?

"Hridayji,

I'm unsure what you mean by 'a large part of his book came under classified information.' Is there any reputable information about this 'under classified' part, or did you simply take the information published in the link (which is likely nonsense, IMO) as the truth?

Anyway, even if some excerpts from the book were in a CIA report as 'classified,' it doesn't mean anything significant. It simply means there's an 'xyz silly conspiracy theory in some book that might be of interest.' This doesn't mean the CIA is interested in hiding some fact they discovered.

In my experience with classified information, researchers work on a project with a promise beforehand not to publish any results or discuss details without clearance. (I generally avoid classified work and am free to talk and publish.)

Often, ordinary information remains classified due to red tape. For example, the cross-section scattering area of Uranium was classified until a few decades ago (despite being available in many textbooks).

It's silly to think that just because someone claims something was classified, or even if there's truth to that claim, it makes the theory more believable than its merit."

Hope this helps.

When I went through this book the portion which describes the physics of cataclysms is not that very long. So I suggest people to read it and draw your own conclusions. At least give the face value of the fact that CIA classified a large part of it.

Honestly, I read a part of it - small but enough to see that is is nothing but nonsense -- As I said, can you quote *any* reputable source (or CIA report where it was 'declassified) of what is being talked about here...

[Vayutuvan]

@Amber G: "For example, the cross-section scattering area of Uranium was classified until a few decades ago (despite being available in many textbooks)."

Yes. If you remember we discussed Freeman Dyson's student (undergrad) designed a working nuc all from open source textbooks/journal articles.

[Amber G.]

^^^^
Yes the story of Princeton University undergraduate student, Matthew McKinzie (in 1990's) as a student of physicist Freeman Dyson, built a working prototype of an atomic bomb using publicly available information. This was a demonstration of the feasibility of building a bomb using open-source materials.
(I knew Prof Dyson fairly well, the student actually got an A in the paper as per the prof thing should work ..)

The story garnered significant attention from major newspapers, including The New York Times and The Washington Post. Pakistan reportedly offered a large sum of money for the paper (I wrote some posts about it some 25 years ago in BRF.. some parts about Pak embassy was really funny as the information can *easily* be gotten by asking any good grad student in nuclear physics)


The FBI classified the paper and even the blackboard diagrams McKinzie used in his presentation. This incident highlighted the ease with which nuclear weapons could be developed using publicly available information and sparked debates about nuclear proliferation ityadi ..

[Hriday]

<snip>

I'm unsure what you mean by 'a large part of his book came under classified information.' Is there any reputable information about this 'under classified' part, or did you simply take the information published in the link (which is likely nonsense, IMO) as the truth?

Chan Thomas's book is available in CIA website. Link below. Unlike the the link from archive.org some random articles are in the first part of this pdf. Almost all pages seems to be printed with a statement, "Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/06/24: CIA -....."

So I don't know if the full book is classified or only partly.

https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CI ... 0001-8.pdf

[sudarshan]

Don't know how true the below is, just a data point for whatever it's worth. Regarding the "CIA classification" of Chan Thomas:

From Quora (emphasis mine)

The CIA did not censor or classify the book. They did edit out blank left hand pages at the ends of chapters of the 57 page version (from 1965) but there was nothing on pages 2, 8, 18, 20, 30, 36, 46, 48, or 52.

The only reason the CIA had such a classified file was not for the book about pole shifts - they included Chan Thomas’ recent book in their background check when they were considering hiring him for secret government work. The only things remaining classified on the CIA file when The Adam and Eve Story portion was declassified are part of the interviews and background checks. I’ve commented on this partial declassification in some of my magazine articles and books and intend to go into much more detail in an upcoming book about Chan Thomas.

The Adam and Eve Story about pole shifts is just the tip of the iceberg on him.

[Amber G.]

Okay, just for fun -- let us see the answer is simplest possible terms ..
. Here is a announcement:

At 4:51 PM EDT June 20, 2024 (India time 2:21 AM on June 21 , Earth's northern hemisphere will be tilted the most toward the sun all year, marking the Summer Solstice - the official start of astronomical Summer! The longest day of the year, and it is the earliest since 1796!

Physics question:

The question is why is "earliest since 1796 ?

[tandav]

Okay, just for fun -- let us see the answer is simplest possible terms ..
. Here is a announcement:

At 4:51 PM EDT June 20, 2024 (India time 2:21 AM on June 21 , Earth's northern hemisphere will be tilted the most toward the sun all year, marking the Summer Solstice - the official start of astronomical Summer! The longest day of the year, and it is the earliest since 1796!

Physics question:

The question is why is "earliest since 1796 ?

Something to do with the Earth Moon Barycenter lining up after 228 years?

[Amber G.]

Hridayji ..

To add this from sudarshan's link:

It [the Thomas book] wasn't [censored'] ..and the book is out of print but a few copies can still be found in library archives...

At some point the CIA released a “declassified” document that had a copy of the book along with some handwritten notes (including the contents of a car emergency kit and a shipping label) - probably someone's personal copy that got inventoried as a part of some unrelated investigation. Conspiracy theorists took that to mean the book itself was classified. No, it was just the one copy, and the reasons were probably completely inane.

[Amber G.]

Okay, just for fun -- let us see the answer is simplest possible terms ..
. Here is a announcement:


Physics question:

The question is why is "earliest since 1796 ?

Something to do with the Earth Moon Barycenter lining up after 228 years?

How ... in what way ? (explanation is *simple* way)..
Tandavaji --- I will post - if there is still some interest and somebody doesn't post a clearer explanation - later but this (or a problem based on this theme) could be a easy JEE type (or even middle school simple math/physics ) question ....
(BTW, I liked the painting of Jantar Mantar -- done by AI

[Hriday]

Hridayji ..

To add this from sudarshan's link

Amber ji, thanks for the efforts.

Chan Thomas and Graham Hancock provide plenty of references to other men of science on the evidence of cataclysmic-level destruction in earlier times. Are all of them frauds as per Wikipedia? But let us leave this subject.

There is a possibility of biases due to the 'Human Factor ' in the science establishments or official science narratives.

The easiest-to-know example I think is the branding of the concept of 'Intelligent Design' as a pseudoscience in Wikipedia.

Till the 1920s science thought that consciousness was purely local and confined to the brain cells. So it was considered that intelligence, thoughts, feelings etc which are derived from consciousness are the last to be created.
The two-slit experiment with light proves that consciousness is at least an integral part of everything.

Many noteworthy scientists are of the opinion of an intelligent design concept. Such as Werner Heisenberg, John Wheeler etc. There is a famous statement by Einstein; "I wish the moon was there even if I was not looking at it".

[Amber G.]

7 years ago, before the news hit all the major newspapers, I posted <here in this dhaga> about Gravitational waves and LIGO.

Over 7 years, it became a major news, MANY Nobles were awarded in the world. There are dozens of post in Physics dhaga. (see <the list> And India has allocated major resources (billions of dollars approved by GoI) for LIGO INDIA project.


With more and improved LIGO detectors (and at more places in the world), as we predicted, more gravitational waves are detected, providing lot in Physics knowledge..

Here is current LIGO News in the tweet:

In under 5hrs, FOUR #GravitationalWaves Candidates were observed by BOTH @LIGO detectors & @ego_virgo detector! We've had candidates close in time before, but not FOUR!!
Image below shows the local time for each of these #GravitationalWave candidates.

[Amber G.]

For those who are not familiar, here is brief background:

The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) has achieved unprecedented success in detecting gravitational waves, with a remarkable four recent discoveries in a short span of time. This groundbreaking project has not only confirmed a key prediction of Einstein's theory of general relativity but has also opened a new window into the universe, providing insights into cosmic events and sources.

As said before, LIGO's success has been met with global acclaim and support, with international collaborations and extensions in Europe (Virgo), India (LIGO-India), and Japan (KAGRA). This worldwide network has enabled more precise detections and a deeper understanding of the universe. LIGO's achievements have been recognized with numerous awards, including Nobel Prize in Physics, solidifying its position as a pioneering endeavor in astrophysics and cosmology.

For LIGO-India:
- Approved for construction in April 2023 ((₹ 2,600 crore)
- Location: Aundha, Maharashtra, India
- Expected completion: 2030

It will detect gravitational waves and enhance the global network of gravitational wave observatories. It is similar to Advanced LIGO detectors in US and will jointly operation by IndIGO and LIGOn

[Amber G.]

Hridayji ..

To add this from sudarshan's link

Amber ji, thanks for the efforts.

Chan Thomas and Graham Hancock provide plenty of references to other men of science on the evidence of cataclysmic-level destruction in earlier times. All of them frauds as per Wikipedia? <

As you said:

If the folks here who have a science background can verify or give an explanation on this, it will be helpful for others

..

I have taught physics as a professor, and do have science background, I chimed in...(Scientifically these 'theories' are not scientific...'

FWIW - One of my professor's famous remarks was, 'Sure, they laughed at Galileo, but they also (much more commonly) laughed at Bozo the Clown.' As I tell my students, just because someone claims that others are laughing at an idea does not make that theory true, especially if the theory is logically absurd... (claiming that "other men of science" are in reference makes no different ..
Chan Thomas work as you mentioned is just plain absurd..

[sudarshan]

FWIW - One of my professor's famous remarks was, 'Sure, they laughed at Galileo, but they also (much more commonly) laughed at Bozo the Clown.' As I tell my students, just because someone claims that others are laughing at an idea does not make that theory true, especially if the theory is logically absurd... (claiming that "other men of science" are in reference makes no different ..
Chan Thomas work as you mentioned is just plain absurd..

Good one. A lot of times when people get laughed at because of the absurdity of their ideas, they invoke Galileo or other initially ridiculed geniuses and portray themselves as victims. It is much rarer that somebody who is being laughed at is ahead of their times or in genius mode, than that they are plain nutcases. In fact, I will go a step further. It is the large number of nutcases with their crackpot theories, who tarnish the truly revolutionary geniuses, by tainting them with the "nutcase" moniker. IOW, if there weren't so many nutcases trying to push absurdities, then people would probably be much more receptive of genuine advancements.

If, as it is claimed, Chan Thomas referenced a large number of other "scientists" and that Chan Thomas was censored, then the question that naturally arises, is - were those large number of referenced "scientists" also censored? If not, then what is the point of censoring just Chan Thomas?

[Amber G.]

^^^ Thanks.