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Ohh. . . that was grand-fathered and everyone decided to keep quiet.kit wrote:China has transferred reprocessing tech for Uranium and Plutonium to Pakistan ..what happened to NSG then ?
Yes. It actually is quite safe as irradiating doesn't involve heating fruits, vegetables and meats. Thermal radiation and microwaving food will alter the chemical bonds and impact taste. Irradiation will kill off any pests without the use of harmful chemicals and keep food more organic. I have yet to get any Indian mangoes where I'm at in the southwest. Ours still come from Mexico.Amber G. wrote:Meanwhile while people keep debating about odd stuff, I find following kind of news is much more interesting to me..
One of the agreement signed between India and Russia on the sidelines of the BRICS Business Forum may not have gotten too much attention but ....
This was an agreement for network of integrated infrastructure centers for radiation treatment in India.
Among other things, just to give a perspective it will save/reduce loss of onions in India, about 42,000 tons per year!
(Radiation treatment of food products is one of various applications of state-of-the-art radiation technologies, I heard them saying that it can reduce the loss from about 15% to about 3% by irradiating food. Irradiation does not reduce the nutritional value of food, it is absolutely safe, and does not change their organoleptic properties and appearance. Some of us remember "nuclear mangos" now being exported from India to USA)
India to become a center of radiation technologies and countries like UAE, Malaysia are interested..
India never voiced. who was the grand?SSridhar wrote:Ohh. . . that was grand-fathered and everyone decided to keep quiet.kit wrote:China has transferred reprocessing tech for Uranium and Plutonium to Pakistan ..what happened to NSG then ?
Russia's fast neutron 789MWe reactor commercially operating and several countries are building 14 new fast reactor designs by 2028Austin wrote:Russia invites India to join fast-neutron reactor project
http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/art ... aign=cppst
Russia's fast neutron 789MWe reactor commercially operating and several countries are building 14 new fast reactor designs by 2028.Unit 4 of the Beloyarsk nuclear power plant in Russia has started commercial operation, state nuclear corporation Rosatom announced today. The BN-800 fast neutron reactor started operating at 100% power for the first time on 17 August.The 789 MWe BN-800 Beloyarsk 4 is fuelled by a mix of uranium and plutonium oxides arranged to produce new fuel material as it burns. Its capacity exceeds that of the world's second most powerful fast reactor - the 560 MWe BN-600 Beloyarsk 3.The service life of the BN-800 is 40 years. Net thermal efficiency is 39.35% and average fuel burnup is 66 GWd/t with potential increase to 100 GWd/t. It has much enhanced safety and improved economy – while capital cost is 20% more than VVER-1200, operating cost is expected to be only 15% more than VVER. It is capable of burning up to 3 tonnes of plutonium per year from dismantled weapons (1.7 t/yr also quoted by OKBM Afrikantov) and will test the recycling of minor actinides in the fuel.An important feature of BN-800 closed-loop fuel cycle is that actinides (both plutonium and minor actinides) produced in the reactor are consumed in the same reactor. The reactor fuel cycle in equilibrium accommodates about 5 t plutonium (including 3 t in the core and 2 t in the external fuel cycle), and about 200 kg minor actinides. It is assumed that the reactor core would be recycled 20 times in 40 years of service life, based on 730 equivalent days of a fuel campaign. The main purpose of the BN-800 is to provide operating experience and technological solutions, especially regarding the fuel, that will be applied to the BN-1200.In 2009 two BN-800 reactors were sold to China. Construction at Sanming is delayed from intended start in 2013 and may happen after 2020.
Russia plans to reconfigure the BN-600 by replacing the fertile blanket around the core with steel reflector assemblies to burn the plutonium from its military stockpiles. Its licence has been extended to 2020 and a further five-year extension is envisaged.
Natural uranium contains about 0.7% U-235 and 99.3% U-238. In any reactor some of the U-238 component is turned into several isotopes of plutonium during its operation. Two of these, Pu-239 and Pu-241, then undergo fission in the same way as U-235 to produce heat. In a FNR this process is optimised so that it 'breeds' fuel. Some U-238 is burned directly with neutron energies above 1 MeV. Hence FNRs can utilise uranium about 60 times more efficiently than a normal reactor. They are however expensive to build and operate, including the reprocessing, and are only justified economically if uranium prices are reasonably high, or on the basis of burning actinides in nuclear wastesThe BN-1200 fast reactor is being developed by OKBM Afrikantov in Zarechny as a next step towards Generation IV designs, and the design was expected to be complete by 2016. Rosenergoatom is ready to involve foreign specialists in its project, with India and China particularly mentioned. Rosatom's Science and Technology Council has approved the BN-1200 reactor for Beloyarsk, with plant operation from about 2025. A second one will be built at South Urals by 2030. It is significantly different from preceding BN models (four-loop rather than three-loop, being one aspect), and Rosatom plans to submit the BN-1200 to the Generation IV International Forum (GIF) as a Generation IV design.
The signing ceremony is set to be held when Prime Minister Shinzo Abe meets with his Indian counterpart, Narendra Modi, in Tokyo on Friday, according to Japanese government sources.
It will be the first time for Japan to sign a nuclear cooperation accord with a non-signatory of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty
The two sides are making final arrangements so that a separate document will stipulate that Japan can suspend providing cooperation if India conducts another nuclear bomb test.
Japan initially planned to include such a stipulation in the accord itself, but India did not agree to it.
Therefore, the government agreed to make the accord only mention that Japan’s cooperation will be limited to peaceful purposes, along with general clauses on suspension of the cooperation, while trying to ensure in the separate document that Tokyo can halt such cooperation.
India declared a moratorium on nuclear bomb tests after it conducted a series of such tests in 1998.
When Abe and Modi sign the agreement, Japan will call for India to ensure once again that it will maintain the moratorium in a bid to make the suspension stipulation more effective.
A nuclear cooperation agreement is a precondition for exporting materials, machinery and technologies related to nuclear power plants. Japan has signed this kind of accord with 14 other countries and organizations, including the United States. Agreements took effect with Russia in 2012 and with Turkey and the United Arab Emirates in 2014.
Japan and India started negotiations on a nuclear cooperation accord in 2010, when the Democratic Party of Japan was in power. The talks, however, were suspended in the wake of the Great East Japan Earthquake the following year.
Abe, who regards exports of nuclear power plants as part of his economic growth strategy, met with then Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh in May 2013, and the two leaders agreed to resume negotiations and sign an accord as soon as possible.
Abe and Singh also held talks in December last year, during which they agreed in principle to sign a nuclear cooperation accord.
However, Tokyo, which calls for nuclear arms reduction and nonproliferation as Japan is the only country that has been hit by nuclear weapons, has been facing strong criticism over signing such an agreement with New Delhi because India has not signed the NPT and possesses nuclear weapons.
The government believes it can be consistent with its stance of promoting nuclear disarmament if it ensures that Tokyo can suspend cooperation if New Delhi conducts another nuclear bomb test.
As India considers neighboring China to be a security threat, signing the accord has been promoted as sharing Japan’s interests.
From here:Pakistan raps what it called Japan’s ‘discriminatory’ nuclear deal with India
KYODO
NOV 12, 2016
ISLAMABAD – Pakistan fears Japan’s signing of a civilian nuclear technology deal with India could undermine regional stability, a Foreign Ministry spokesman said, while asking the international community not to discriminate against his country in favor of its neighboring archrival.
The official, Nafess Zakaria, responding to a Kyodo News query on Friday’s deal inked during Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to Tokyo, urged Japan and other countries “to objectively assess the consequences of discriminatory approaches to our region.”
Pakistan, he said, considers the exemption granted to India by the Vienna-based Nuclear Suppliers Group, effectively allowing the South Asian country to expand its nuclear power industry, “has negatively impacted the strategic balance in the region.”
“It has allowed India to gain access to foreign sources of nuclear fuel and freed up its domestic reserves which are being utilized for rapid expansion of its military nuclear program,” he said, adding, “We have taken up the issue … with the Japanese side.” …………………….
I see what you are doing theresanjaykumar wrote:Pakistan fears Japan’s signing of a civilian nuclear technology deal with India could undermine regional stability, a Foreign Ministry spokesman said, while asking the international community not to discriminate against his country in favor of its neighboring archrival.
This just in, Botswana Land has strongly objected to the discriminatory nature of the India-Japan accord.
, but actually 'Botswana Land' if such a country existed would definitely not be that petty and stupid.The nuclear specter of China has always been India's overwhelming consideration.
Vivek Prahladan
December 9, 2016
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“The main argument in favor of India going nuclear is the Chinese threat” — L.K. Jha (Secretary to Prime Minister) March 5, 1967
“A nuclear stand-off with China is essential as soon as possible” — P.N. Haksar (Secretary to Prime Minister) 1968
The Counsel of History
Indian Defense Minister Manohar Parrikar recently made a controversial “personal” comment that perhaps India must revisit its no first-use nuclear policy. However, the only available document on Indian nuclear policy has been the “Draft Nuclear Doctrine,” which has fostered perpetual speculation on the vector and valences of Indian strategic doctrine. We have had little historical perspective on how Indian doctrine has absorbed Chinese and Pakistan nuclear threats ever since India carried out its first underground nuclear test — “Smiling Buddha” — in May 1974. There is still no consensus on what the historical reasons were for India to cross the no-bomb line or what internal discussions were taking place between the scientists and the prime minister’s office.
However, newly declassified documents from the prime minister’s office, which include letters between the prime minister’s office and the Department of Atomic Energy, as well as correspondence between the prime minister and scientists help establish the specific considerations that went into the making of India’s nuclear doctrine. It revises arguments such as those of George Perkovich, that, in the second half of the sixties, “the (Indian) scientists acted without benefit of a national security strategy or requirement.” The documents reveal disquiet among India’s strategists about China’s repeated nuclear tests from 1964 onwards.
India’s “Long Telegram” and Crossing the No-Bomb Line
Perhaps the single most important document for establishing the evolving history of India’s nuclear weapons policy comes from P.N. Haksar, Secretary to Prime Minister Indira Gandhi that may be dated to 1968. The note is titled “Need for India In a Changing World to Reassess her National Interest and Foreign policy.”
The revealing document tends to defy most assumptions held about India’s nuclear policy regarding the level of “stand-off capability” that was being considered in the Prime Minister Secretariat. P.N Haskar wrote:
i. the making of nuclear arms in the shape of medium range (2,000-3,000 miles) capable, from sites within India’s frontiers, of striking with success not only a few chosen targets in Tibet but of ranging as far afield as the industrial heart of China in Manchuria and in the great river valleys south of it which include some of her principal industries and urban centers of population
ii. The development simultaneously of submarines driven by nuclear power fitted out to carry nuclear missiles
iii. This nuclear arms program should be based on adequate stockpiling of those sensitive instruments and machinery…. which will be difficult to import from abroad increasingly
Haksar distinguished between the role of nuclear India as opposed to other nuclear powers. Haksar also reveals his thought that India’s nuclear ambition should be clearly communicated with the United States at a relevant time. The nuclear specter of China remained the overwhelming consideration. Haksar seemed to appreciate nuclear balancing in Europe and wrote of India’s “own security require that she becomes a nuclear power to establish a genuine balance of power with China.”
arshyam wrote:If it should have gone critical three years before, the pumps should have been made available, installed, tested much earlier. Puts it in squarely UPA territory. Not looking to score a political point, but MMS was reported to have slow things down to get the nuke deal. Who knows how much 'reverse pressure' was put by GoI itself on BARC/IGCAR in the hope of a few carrots from the US?
Certainly possible but then again as I had pointed out on the previous page of this thread, our Nuclear Power Generation establishment is not exactly know to keep up with timelines going by the under construction reactor projects at Rawatbhata and Kakrapar:chetak wrote:A panwala said that India's fast breeder program was purposely delayed by the US sitting on Germany to delay the coolant pumps for the liquid sodium.
After hectic efforts by the GOI, they have only recently been shipped to India.
Bagal Mein Churi, Muh Mein Ram by obama.
arun wrote:Presuming not a case of tardy web site updating by NPCIL or my not keeping upto date on reactor commissioning, there seems to be some problems with the 700 MwE PHWR’s coming up at RAPS Rawatbhata and KAPS Kakrapar.
RAPS Unit 7 which was supposed to be commissioned in June 2016 followed by RAPS Unit 8 in December 2016, respectively show 3 of 11 and 2 of 11 milestones complete:
RAPS
KAPS Unit 3 which was supposed to be commissioned in June 2015 followed by KAPS Unit 4 in December 2015, more ominously carries the message ”Under Review” under the heading Expected Date of Commercial Operation:
KAPS
I believe both Primary and Secondary Liquid Sodium Cooling Pumps for PFBR were indigenously developed and manufactured. Both have been installed.chetak wrote:A panwala said that India's fast breeder program was purposely delayed by the US sitting on Germany to delay the coolant pumps for the liquid sodium.
After hectic efforts by the GOI, they have only recently been shipped to India. {emphasis mine}
Bagal Mein Churi, Muh Mein Ram by obama.
2) DESIGN, MANUFACTURING AND TESTING OF SECONDARY SODIUM PUMPKirloskar Brothers Limited (KBL) handed over its technological marvel to the first-of-its-kind 500MW Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) project in India underway by Bharatiya Nabhikiya
Vidyut Nigam Limited (BHAVINI).
Dr. Prabhat Kumar, Chairman & Managing Director, BHAVINI flagged off the “1st Primary Sodium Pumps (PSP)” from the 100 year old Kirloskarvadi plant of Kirloskar Brothers Limited. The three PSPs manufactured in Kirloskarvadi – one of India’s oldest industrial townships – weigh 135 tonnes and handle 516,000 litres of liquid sodium per minute at Kalpakkam Nuclear Plant. At 590
rpm (rotations per minute). These technological marvels will handle 400 °C to 550 °C working temperature of liquid sodium.
The PFBR setup has two types of Sodium Pumps. In the primary circuit, Primary Sodium Pump, installed in the main reactor transport the reactor core heat to secondary system. In the secondary circuit, Secondary Sodium Pumps feed the liquid Sodium back to reactor pool after taking away the heat through Heat Exchanger to light water, so as to convert it in to steam. These Secondary Sodium Pumps are installed outside the reactor vessel.
It is a privilege that India is the third country to enter the Second Stage of Nuclear Cycle and KBL is the only Indian company to develop such critical application pumps.
Speaking on the occasion Mr. Sanjay Kirloskar, Chairman & Managing Director, Kirloskar Brothers Limited said: “It gives me immense satisfaction to see Kirloskar Brothers at the forefront of technological advancements taking place in the Nuclear Power space. The vertical, single stage, top suction pumps are nothing but an alternate to imports. Today I can proudly say: we can.”
I am verifying this.Sanatanan wrote:On 23 Dec 2016I believe both Primary and Secondary Liquid Sodium Cooling Pumps for PFBR were indigenously developed and manufactured. Both have been installed.chetak wrote:A panwala said that India's fast breeder program was purposely delayed by the US sitting on Germany to delay the coolant pumps for the liquid sodium.
After hectic efforts by the GOI, they have only recently been shipped to India. {emphasis mine}
Bagal Mein Churi, Muh Mein Ram by obama.
References:
1) Kirloskar - cascade Oct Dec 2013 (The year that was 2013 -)
http://www.kirloskarpumps.com/Control/C ... AM2013.pdf
2) DESIGN, MANUFACTURING AND TESTING OF SECONDARY SODIUM PUMPKirloskar Brothers Limited (KBL) handed over its technological marvel to the first-of-its-kind 500MW Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) project in India underway by Bharatiya Nabhikiya
Vidyut Nigam Limited (BHAVINI).
Dr. Prabhat Kumar, Chairman & Managing Director, BHAVINI flagged off the “1st Primary Sodium Pumps (PSP)” from the 100 year old Kirloskarvadi plant of Kirloskar Brothers Limited. The three PSPs manufactured in Kirloskarvadi – one of India’s oldest industrial townships – weigh 135 tonnes and handle 516,000 litres of liquid sodium per minute at Kalpakkam Nuclear Plant. At 590
rpm (rotations per minute). These technological marvels will handle 400 °C to 550 °C working temperature of liquid sodium.
The PFBR setup has two types of Sodium Pumps. In the primary circuit, Primary Sodium Pump, installed in the main reactor transport the reactor core heat to secondary system. In the secondary circuit, Secondary Sodium Pumps feed the liquid Sodium back to reactor pool after taking away the heat through Heat Exchanger to light water, so as to convert it in to steam. These Secondary Sodium Pumps are installed outside the reactor vessel.
It is a privilege that India is the third country to enter the Second Stage of Nuclear Cycle and KBL is the only Indian company to develop such critical application pumps.
Speaking on the occasion Mr. Sanjay Kirloskar, Chairman & Managing Director, Kirloskar Brothers Limited said: “It gives me immense satisfaction to see Kirloskar Brothers at the forefront of technological advancements taking place in the Nuclear Power space. The vertical, single stage, top suction pumps are nothing but an alternate to imports. Today I can proudly say: we can.”
https://www.researchgate.net/publicatio ... DIUM_PUMP
3) PROJECT STATUS OF PROTOTYPE FAST BREEDER REACTOR (PFBR) UNDER CONSTRUCTION AT KALPAKKAM, INDIA
https://www.iaea.org/NuclearPower/Downl ... ndia.5.pdf
Status seems to be as of May 2014
See pages 13 1nd 14 regarding inatallation of the pumps.
May be the panwala belongs to some Department of Disinformation, if such an entity indeed exists
