Charlie wrote:
How do Pakis emigrate so easily to US and Canada at will while it is virtually impossible for someone from India to do so without going through the whole employment Visa to GC process? As some Paki lurker here posted sometime ago that most of the upper class and middle class Pakis are also residents/citizens of some western country. How do they do it?
I have a few theories that contribute to a hypothesis on this - but no proof - you can take it as conjecture/hypothesis. I am still "working on it".
It's like this: If you go back to the India of the early 1900s and ignore political movements in India and the wars that were being fought you find that India and Indians in the west were expected to be "wealthy maharajas". That means that although India developed a reputation for poverty (perhaps with Gandhi's efforts to empower and mobilise the poor) - the "earlier" reputation was one of great wealth.
What does this have to do with Pakhanastanis in the west? I will explain. It is my hypothesis that the vast majority of Pakhanis who went to the west came from a class of extremely wealthy "Royal family" like or rich feudal/aristocratic Jinnah like families. Most Pakistanis who went abroad came from such families and attended elite schools, travelled elite class and mingled with the cream of society in the west - just like an earlier generation of travelling Indian Maharajas. When it came to education the wealthy Pakistani, like Rajiv Gandhi and Bhutto (both wealthy aristocratic families) was "sent" to top schools like Harvard. These schools always have seats open for wealthy foreigners who can pay there way through. In addition to this, Pakistan literally threw its entire lot in with America in the 1950s. The wealthy Pakistanis who mixed with Americans lived like and behaved like wealthy Americans in America, while they provided the best hospitality to Americans in Pakistan - giving them bases, premium travel and a retinue of servants to attend to their every need. So important Americans who came to Pakistan, and even not so important ones, were treated like kings.
The Pakistan-west link is with the highest levels of western society. While we are all taught that the US is supposed to be classless, that is actually rubbish - the US does have a "upper crust". Wealthy Pakistanis in power in Pakistan, able to "return favors" for upper crust Americans (and others) have developed deep links. And these links are bonds of friendship. Christine Fair in here article on how Pakis negotiate has pointed out how Pakistanis encourage the development of "personal bonds and obligations". That means that you may have a lowly CIA operative in Pakistan from a humble background in small town America. He goes to Pakistan is is treated like a king. He gets facilities and luxury that he cannot get in America and he always welcome to enjoy all that and more for free as a guest of some feudal or other. This CIA operative ends up loving the Pakis as he rises in seniority.
Compare that with the demographic profile of Indians in the west. Long ago India's feudals and maharajas lost their wealth with India's democratization. Indians going abroad did not pay their way through. They worked extra hard to get scholarships and jobs to help them study. They did not get seats in the too schools by payment and they all went on to become honest workers. In other words, although the Indians who went to the west went in larger numbers they did not get to mix with the elite, and they were not able to host and fete Americans in India the way the wealthy Paki elite emigrants did. The Indian in the west was mostly middle class or working class. And some business migrants. Compared to these the Pakis were a different class.
The entire idea that "Indians are thin, vegetarian and poor" while "Pakistanis are healthy, beef eating and wealthy" has come from comparisons of Indians and Pakis in the west and to a certain extent by the development of elite areas and motorways and airports for the elite in Pakistan. The joke of Pakistan railways today versus IR is an indicator of national priorities -but I digress. Indians in India did not see Pakis as "wealthy". They always saw Pakis as "just like us". Pakis in India were taught to see Indians as Hindus - dangerous kafirs who would swallow up their Islam. It was the elite who gradually opened up the idea of poor India and rich Pakistan even though real difference were minuscule or non existent.
Overall I would say that the elite of Pakistan, mixing n smaller numbers with the elite in the US and the west in general have done more to mould positive attitudes to Pakistan in the west that the larger numbers of law abiding but relatively poor Indians in the west - middle class and working class with no clout among the elite.
Even to this day and even on BRF we find the Indian America talking of democracy, legal rights and laws - because as honest working people Indians have to depend on that. Compare that with the influence people like Yahya Khan or Bhutto had with the highest echelons in America. Reagan (or was it Carter) actually lied to Congress about Pakistan's nuclear plans.
Although America is 100 times more law abiding than India - in America too (as in Britain) legalities and the law are for the middle and lower class people. Before anyone argues and says that there are no "classes" in America -I would like to say that a sort of class system does operate in America. The elite and the corporate kings of America can and do get away with things that the ornery working man cannot manage. Money and power do speak - and Pakistanis have built up and maintained a far better presence in that circle in America.