India Nuclear News And Discussion

[GuruPrabhu]

Opium for electricity sounds like a good swap. Qpum will make mango man forget that he has no electricity. But where is the opium?

The nuke deal was never about electricity, there were larger worthier goals - though somehow the johnies in govt sold it as such...

what were these larger goals?

[Pratyush]

^^^ Why cant a PSU obtain the capital required through instruments such debentures. Why must the GOI make the payment upfront for it. Utility always give a stable return on investment.

[somnath]

^^^ Why cant a PSU obtain the capital required through instruments such debentures. Why must the GOI make the payment upfront for it. Utility always give a stable return on investment.

All infrastructure projects have both equity and debt (debenture is a specific debt instrument)..But debt is raised on the strength of the equity in the project - therefore the equity contribution needs to come upfront..Second, its not that easy to raise large amounts of debt for infrastructure projects, simply because the corporate bond market in India isnt large enough...Offshore bond markets are an option, but again not a lot of appetite for the sort of long tenor debt (10 years) that nuke projects will require...

the govt has been struggling with this for many years now (for infrastructure in general, not just nuke plants)...They hav tried out many solutions - setting up IIFCL for raising long term debt financing, allowing EPFO to invest in inffrstruture debt, setting up IDFC even before that and so on...Obviously they havent been enouh, the govt is now toying with the idea of an infrastructure debt fund, to be financed partially out of India's forex reserves and partially out of investments from other investors...

Net net, not so easy! That is precisely why a ballast of private investment is required...

[somnath]

what were these larger goals?

Long discussion...I am sure covered well enough in dozens of pages before..

[somnath]

X-posting the right thread..

ramana wrote:
KS garu thinks that getting India out of the NSG regime and be recognised as a de-facto if not de-jure nuke state is worth the effort.

Not just KS, pretty much the entire strategic establishment thought that the deal was a fantastic one (rather, using Narasimha Rao's lines, there was a consensus minus Brahma Chellaney! - PVNR once said that ther eis a consensus on economic reforms minus Somnath Chatterjee and Gurudas Dasgupta)...One has to simply look at the responses of the NPA industry in the US - the Michael Krepons, the Strobe Talbot's et al..

As far as BJP is concerned, from the very begining, it was clear that they were simply being intellectually dishonest about their opposition...Brajesh Mishra, with no political axe grind anymore, came around - and no one in the BJP barring maybe ABV and Jaswant singh would have a greater apreciation and knowledge of strategic realities than him..Certainly not the mediocre ex-babu Yashwant Sinha (whose opinion about himself is so much higher than his accomplishments/talents) who seemed to spearhead BJP's oposition to the deal..

The fruits of the effort are still to be maxed out..The next stage will be when India joins the NSG as a full member..That will be sayonara for any Chinese efforts to officially offer Pakistan a similar nuke deal..

Longer term, trends on Indo-Us relations are quite clear..tere will only be greater convergence of interests, David Headley notwithstanding..

[suryag]

If only wishes were horses

"The opposition to the nuke deal could have been a good cop bad cop thing between upa and nda where they fought out in the open but colluded behind closed doors to extract the maximum from unkil"

Somnath ji/Ramana Garu I have read the nsg waiver given to india but was not able to find paragraph 16 of nsg guidelines. That seems to be a critical para if you have the text can you paste it here ?

[somnath]

The opposition to the nuke deal could have been a good cop bad cop thing between upa and nda where they fought out in the open but colluded behind closed doors to extract the maximum from unkil

How do you know that wasnt the case? The Indian political class often gets less marks than it deserves on these things..An apocryphal story..when the US stepped up pressure on India to send troops to Iraq, there were conveneint "leaks" from the govt saying that its being actively considered.. In fact I remember Ajai Shukla even reported about a division-strength of Rashtriya Rifles troops being made ready for deployment..That when the Left started agitating against the concept, naturally...It is said that ABV called Surjeet and Yechury for a meeting and told them, in effect, "aap log sadkon pe virodh kar rahe hain iske khilaaf, par mujhe sunayi nahin de raha..zara aur buland awaaz mein kijiye"...Not surprisingly, the tempo and tenor of protests went up manifold, and the ABV govt could tell Bush, "sorry, we wanted to, par kya karein"...

I have read about a similar story about the Su30 deal with Russia - Mulayam Yadav comes out smelling of roses, as does PVNR..

Do you think Dr Santhanam's sudden disclosure about doubts on the thermonuclear tests were all that sudden? If they were, people had to have really short memories, for stories on the "dud thermocuclear test" started apearing right after Pok-II..India Today ran a covery story on it using the word "dud" a few months after the test..

About para 16, its all there on NSG's website!

http://www.nuclearsuppliersgroup.org/Le ... 071107.pdf

Para 16 is about member countries committing to consult each other on account of any significant event (like a test, breach et al) to discuss course o action...Para 16 isnt the issue - what is the issue is that the waiver document filed by the US with NSG incorporated a section that said that in case India "tested", member countries would consult each other on revoking cooperation with India...NPAs, justifiably, said that this was no different from para 16 already in NSG's guidelines..

[Sanku]

X-post from other thread

KS garu thinks that getting India out of the NSG regime and be recognised as a de-facto if not de-jure nuke state is worth the effort.

Ramana Guru; without getting into the Nuclear debate once again I wish to make two points in the context of the discussion in this thread.

1) It is important to note that the opposition from nationalist quarters has ALWAYS been to the form and content rather than the idea of the deal. So those shills who join the opposition to the idea of the deal to the way it was actually done are being deliberately dishonest.

2) There was (and continues to be) tremendous opposition to the WAY the nuclear issues have been handled, so I would like to say that shyamd's point on "why there is no opposition" is actually well answered by, "there is tons of opposition" Some look like clear opposition, some conditional and some "support" that the Govt gets on, "this is good, lets do it this way" was actually major opposition since the suggested "this way" went against the "that way" govt is trying to make things work.

"The opposition to the nuke deal could have been a good cop bad cop thing between upa and nda where they fought out in the open but colluded behind closed doors to extract the maximum from unkil"

I think the reality is much simpler, a consensus existed in Indian establishment on a way to break out of Nuclear deadlock amongst certain steps. NDA had done enough spade work to ensure that it was a practical plan and there was large bipartisan support.

However this particular GoI and especially MMS took the ball from the establishment and ran towards some other goal.

The nationalists of all hues in all parties, and MUTUs elsewhere then duked it out, with the final picture being the then balance of forces. Since then the nationalist hand has been strengthened and it shows.

Its just that simple.

[ramana]

The biggest goal was to get out of the sanctions regime. Yes there were images or mirages but if people bought it and it allowed the dropping of sanctions whats the problem?

The nuke laibility act is like Indian version of Hyde Act. Its classic tit for tat. Per Game theory.

The very worthies who supported Hyde Act were pushing India to dilute the liability act.

[Prem]

http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/busi ... 220523.cms
'Financing not an issue for India deal'

NEW DELHI: French energy group Areva does not see any difficulty in the financing of the deal to supply nuclear reactors to state-run Nuclear Power Corporation of India (NPCIL), its India chief said on Tuesday. "Financing is not a major issue. There are many candidates ... availability of financing is not an issue as far as I can tell," Arthur de Montalembert , chairman and managing director of Areva India told TOI. He said the French government has confirmed guarantee for export credit shipment and a similar guarantee is awaited from the Indian government. "We should be able to sign the definitive agreement with NPCIL by the middle of this year which was the earlier target," Montalembert said. Work is expected to start once all contracts are in place. Areva signed an agreement for construction of two nuclear reactors and supply of fuel 25 years last month during the visit of French President Nicholas Sarkozy.

[somnath]

The nuke laibility act is like Indian version of Hyde Act. Its classic tit for tat. Per Game theory

Maybe, maybe not..But in the process, what beats me is why we preserved the monopoly of the public sector in generation..

[arnab]

The nuke laibility act is like Indian version of Hyde Act. Its classic tit for tat. Per Game theory

Maybe, maybe not..But in the process, what beats me is why we preserved the monopoly of the public sector in generation..

I don't think the Indian nuke liability act is a game theoretic response to Hyde. It does not lead to a sub game perfect equilibria. The Indian nuke liability act (tit) is predicated on a nuke disaster occuring and GOI's ability to prove that the supplier was responsible for the said disaster. It impacts every supplier including the local ones. The Hyde act (tat) is predicated on India testing a nuke device. It is india specific but has escape clauses built in and not really clear about how this will be enforced. So if India tests a nuke but no nuke disaster occurs around the same time - the tit for tat response breaks down (unless nationalists engineer a nuke disaster around the same time )

No real rational explanation about the mode of the liability bill exists - so we are reduced to vague handwaving about nationalists vs mutus

[putnanja]

The nuke laibility act is like Indian version of Hyde Act. Its classic tit for tat. Per Game theory

Maybe, maybe not..But in the process, what beats me is why we preserved the monopoly of the public sector in generation..

The government was boxed in. When it came out with the Rs 500cr limited liability initially, the opposition said it was to protect the private investors(read US companies as per them) who will be allowed in later. The govt then assured that private companies won't be allowed in, to get the legislation to pass at that time.

[GuruPrabhu]

The govt then assured that private companies won't be allowed in, to get the legislation to pass at that time.

And therein the entire nuke plan was derailed, thanks to BJP and commie idiots.

[GuruPrabhu]

No real rational explanation about the mode of the liability bill exists - so we are reduced to vague handwaving about nationalists vs mutus

[Sanku]

And therein the entire nuke plan was derailed, thanks to BJP and commie idiots.

Thanks heavens that some people still dont want to empty Indian treasury for lemons, much as some would like it.

[somnath]

As far as nuke liability is concerned, it really seems that it final bill was quite badly drafted and not enough diligence went into the ramifications of all the clauses..Thats can be because of two things - either the government is not all that serious about nuclear power and sourcing of foreign power plant tech, or it is confident that executive orders and contractual covenants would take care of any anomalies in the Act itself (how that can be done is unclear to me, but we shall see)..

From a purely power generation perspective, given the existing and anticipated demand, we would be much better off concentrating on thermal and solar units - they are cheaper to set up, faster to build and have lesser black swan "unknowns" around them..Nuclear power in India is not going to be what it is in France or Germany...But sourcing critical tech for stratgic purposes is a different issue altogether - the nuke deal opens up the world in that respect...

[shyamd]

2) There was (and continues to be) tremendous opposition to the WAY the nuclear issues have been handled, so I would like to say that shyamd's point on "why there is no opposition" is actually well answered by, "there is tons of opposition" Some look like clear opposition, some conditional and some "support" that the Govt gets on, "this is good, lets do it this way" was actually major opposition since the suggested "this way" went against the "that way" govt is trying to make things work.

No No Sanku. My point was that the people who made a ruckus, once they were briefed kept quiet. But of course there were still people who disagreed with what India got in return (were those people briefed?). But I think people like BJP could have easily said we are not going to go along with this if they wanted to or we will review it if we are ever elected.

[somnath]

But I think people like BJP could have easily said we are not going to go along with this if they wanted to or we will review it if we are ever elected.

Precisely, and they didnt, barring vague statements about "reviewing" the deal if/when BJP comes back to power..What does that imply? either they are fully on board (and I wont be surprised if they are), or at the very least they realise that on balance this is a fantastic deal for India...

[vera_k]

^^^

But the BJP did not vote for the nuclear deal leading to Congress's purchase of Mulayam, so how can it be said that they are on board? We'll have to see what steps they take to repeal the deal if and when they get back in power.

[GuruPrabhu]

Thanks heavens that some people still dont want to empty Indian treasury for lemons, much as some would like it.

Sanku-ji, I don't doubt your wisdom in matters nuclear. But, please enlighten us about these lemons. Are all firangi reactors lemons? Is India the only country that produces non-lemon reactors?

Pardon my madarsa education, but I missed the lesson where we should have been taught about how reactors were invented in India. I was fed with misinformation about how Bhabha begged the west to get a reactor to India and how India broke its promise not to use that reactor to produce plutonium. Clearly propagandu, so I await the truth from you. Thanks.

[Sanku]

[But I think people like BJP could have easily said we are not going to go along with this if they wanted to or we will review it if we are ever elected.

But they did say that? That they will relook the entire process!!

And as vera_k said, they did not vote for it.

So clearly BJP and many others have been against the "way" the deal was conducted. The distinction of way vs concept is important btw, and needs to be understood by the truly nationalist to cut through the lies by lemon sellers.

I was fed with misinformation about how Bhabha begged the west to get a reactor to India and how India broke its promise not to use that reactor to produce plutonium.

You know GuruPrabhu, the best part about talking to people of your ilk is that your kinds so eloquentaly let us know their innate qualities and what they stand for is that it makes the job of person opposing them so very easy.

Thank you.

[GuruPrabhu]

hehe. Sanku-ji took the bait but no answer onlee. Long live lemon sri maharaj!

India's main problem is that there are 3 opinions for every two people.

[Sanku]

hehe. Sanku-ji took the bait but no answer onlee. Long live lemon sri maharaj!

You really expected an answer to that tripe?

[GuruPrabhu]

If I want answers I go to Google Maharaj. If I want lemons I go to Sanku-ji. It is very simple onlee -- that is how I get 3 opinions in two attempts.

[Vipul]

PM dedicates 100-tonne Tarapur reprocessing plant to nation.

Prime Minister Manmohan Singh on Friday dedicated to the nation a 100-tonne annual capacity reprocessing plant at the Bhabha Atomic ResearchCentre (BARC) here which will use spent fuel from indigenous nuclear power plants for fast breeder reactors.

Congratulating engineers and scientists for constructing the sophisticated complex in the coastal region here in Thane district of Maharashtra, Singh said the reprocessing plant was essential for the country's closed-fuel-cycle three-stage nuclear programme.

"The spent fuel reprocessing plant is a milestone in India's three-stage nuclear programme," he said.

The plant is also essential for the transition from the first stage to the second (of the programme) for building fast breeder reactors to produce sustainable and clean energy for the country, Singh said.

"Tarapur itself will set an example of clean, economic and safe energy that our nation requires," he said.

The Prime Minister said the reprocessing plant is also essential for subsequent thorium utilisation.

He said the capabilities of the engineers and scientists could be utilised in new opportunities in international cooperation in nuclear energy.

[Sanatanan]

^^^ From a similar report published in the Hindu on January 06, 2011:

. . .

Calling it a historic occasion, Dr. Singh said: “This is a significant milestone in our country's three-stage indigenous nuclear programme. I heartily congratulate the scientists and engineers who were involved in the design, construction and commissioning of this unique complex and state-of-the-art facility. This is yet another instance that once we make up our mind, India can do anything.”

. . .

When indigenous capability to design, construct, commission and operate reprocessing plants existed all along (for both PHWR and LWR fuels), what was the necessity to seek spent fuel reprocessing technology from the US (and others) as a part of the (according to me, ill-advised and unnecessary) Nuclear Deal? What we should have insisted and obtained is the right to reprocess the spent fuel from TAPS 1&2, a right that was reneged by the US. As far as I know, even now the deal does not give India that specific right -- the right to reprocess spent fuel from TAPS 1 & 2 which is getting accumulated day by day.

[GuruPrabhu]

When indigenous capability to design, construct, commission and operate reprocessing plants existed all along (for both PHWR and LWR fuels), what was the necessity to seek spent fuel reprocessing technology from the US (and others) as a part of the (according to me, ill-advised and unnecessary) Nuclear Deal?

When India was busy designing, constructing, commissioning and operating various "Mark" Ambassador cars, what was the necessity to seek automobile technology from the US (and others) as a part of the (according to Mutus, ill-advised and unnecessary) automobile revolution in India?

Now, repeat the above for telephony.

Sell-outs, I say!

[GuruPrabhu]

The Prime Minister said the reprocessing plant is also essential for subsequent thorium utilisation.

He said the capabilities of the engineers and scientists could be utilised in new opportunities in international cooperation in nuclear energy.

HA! Nailed the sell-out PM right there. He is selling out the thorium technology and know-how to international corporations. Laanat hai on this man! He should be lectured by Nationalists, pronto!!

[Pratyush]

^^^

Perhaps because the domestic reserves of yellow cake are in sufficient to fuel the boom. So it was important to seek external suppliers. That is what the Nuke deal does to a large extent.

Moreover, by having multiple providers. The ability of one supplier to threaten India into doing some thing against the long term Indian interests is prevented.

[somnath]

When indigenous capability to design, construct, commission and operate reprocessing plants existed all along (for both PHWR and LWR fuels), what was the necessity to seek spent fuel reprocessing technology from the US (and others) as a part of the (according to me, ill-advised and unnecessary) Nuclear Deal? What we should have insisted and obtained is the right to reprocess the spent fuel from TAPS 1&2, a right that was reneged by the US. As far as I know, even now the deal does not give India that specific right -- the right to reprocess spent fuel from TAPS 1 & 2 which is getting accumulated day by day

One, American reprocessing technology would be a few decades ahead of India on reprocessing...After all, they have been at it for a much longer period, and spent a significant amount more...But American reprocessing tech wasnt the "cornerstone" of the nuke deal at all, coming out of the nuclear winter was..People forget that Tarapur survived on a decade-by-decade basis (for fuel)...Last time around, the Russians supplied the necessary metal..Nuke power plants were operating @ sub-optimal capacities due to the same reason, lack of enough domestic capacity to mine and process uranium...With the nuke deal, every single ounce of domestic uranium can be devoted to the "strategic" sector, while the power plants can be run on imported fuel..And the same imported fuel from the unsafeguarded reactors can be further reprocessed for strategic purposes - the options have just multiplied now...

About the last point on "right" of reprocessing, well, that is correct, we dont have the right...But we havent cared about it..We have anyway gone ahead and reprocessed the fuel from Tarapur, and that is what was used in Pok-I! In fact that was the major reason why sanctions were imposed by the US after Pok-I....

[disha]

Nuke power plants were operating @ sub-optimal capacities due to the same reason, lack of enough domestic capacity to mine and process uranium...With the nuke deal, every single ounce of domestic uranium can be devoted to the "strategic" sector, while the power plants can be run on imported fuel..And the same imported fuel from the unsafeguarded reactors can be further reprocessed for strategic purposes - the options have just multiplied now...

About the last point on "right" of reprocessing, well, that is correct, we dont have the right...But we havent cared about it..We have anyway gone ahead and reprocessed the fuel from Tarapur, and that is what was used in Pok-I! In fact that was the major reason why sanctions were imposed by the US after Pok-I....

Two things to note:

1. Why was there a deficit in Uranium production? Whose idea was it to cut the budgets for domestic Uranium mining and development?

2. US would have imposed sanctions any other way, it is immaterial if we had reprocessd fuel from Tarapur or not.

[vic]

Personally I think that MMS is on the right track. The best way to use Thorium resources is to get lot of people in the world to work on R&D of this cycle. Saudi Arabia will not prevent anybody from developing new uses for petroleum

I am "personally" of the view that MMS is wrongly criticised for his handling of Indian nuclear power and bomb ambitions

[somnath]

1. Why was there a deficit in Uranium production? Whose idea was it to cut the budgets for domestic Uranium mining and development?

2. US would have imposed sanctions any other way, it is immaterial if we had reprocessd fuel from Tarapur or not

On the first, funnil this was suddenly "dicovered" by the anti-deal lobby...All these years, did anyone question why the budgets for mining were being reduced? Its likely that the reduced budgets were because of almost no activity at the known sites of uranium - in Meghalaya and in AP, where locals/environmentalists had nearly ground all work to a halt..

On the second, the only material sanction imposed after Pok-I was on nuclear tech - in fact the US formed in the NSG in response to the tests AFAIK...And recent records, books, testimonies show that the US werent all that bothered either - Henry Kissinger apparently came to Delhi to convey the message that the US was quite comfortable with India's bomb...However, it is a fact that the US became mighty pissed by the reprocessing of Tarapur fuel, as the entire Tarapur effort was predicated under a peaceful global programme sponsored by the US....

[abhishek_sharma]

And recent records, books, testimonies show that the US werent all that bothered either - Henry Kissinger apparently came to Delhi to convey the message that the US was quite comfortable with India's bomb..

They have shown their comfort in a funny way.

[abhishek_sharma]

On the second, the only material sanction imposed after Pok-I was on nuclear tech - in fact the US formed in the NSG in response to the tests AFAIK...And recent records, books, testimonies show that the US werent all that bothered either -

US was not bothered? Sanctions did not affect other sectors?

See Sridhar's post from Pak Nuclear Proliferation thread

Tough sanctions imposed on India after the 1974 PNE (Peaceful Nuclear Explosion), the long-term effects of which on India's civilian power generation programmes linger even today. The NSG (Nuclear Suppliers Group or the "London Club" as it is popularly known) which is an outgrowth of the Zangger Committee agreement of August 1974 and the MTCR (Missile Technology Control Regime) which have all been made even more comprehensive through "Energy" and "Wassenaar" protocols (which in circa 1992 banned dual-use technologies even when these were not meant for non-nuclear applications), were specifically meant for India and have affected India's civilian nuclear and space programmes significantly. Pres. Reagan, who portrayed himself a non-proliferation zealot, even suspended LEU fuel supply for the Tarapur Atomic Power Station in India by retro activating his new policy (though it had to arrange an alternate supply through France). Such measures have affected the genuine programmes such as power generation and other research activities of India, a country that scrupulously follows its international responsibilities, while leaving Pakistan with the ability to recklessly follow its clandestine acquisition and proliferation of dangerous technologies in collusion with PRC and the US and its Western allies.

[somnath]

US was not bothered? Sanctions did not affect other sectors?

Well, "not bothered" is perhaps a casual expression in a blog, but do read Pat Moynihan's recent book - has a fascinating account of how Kissinger, ever the practical strategist, was "understanding" of India's test, and even said that he could "understand" if India went in for weapons (remember Pok I was a PNE)...

Before Moynihan's magesterial book, the US State department too released the accounts - captured in some detail here..

http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2611/ ... 108200.htm

I do not mind if India makes nuclear weapons. In fact, I am sure India will do so. Why should India not make them if she has the capability, when we and other nuclear powers make them?
...
I knew that you would use this to justify your own explosion. I have taken a very sober and realistic view of your explosion and I would not be surprised even if you went in for nuclear weapons.

And this is the gem - nuke deal ver 1?

Kissinger would like to enter into a confidential bilateral or multilateral understanding with us that no nuclear country would transfer nuclear technology including underground nuclear explosive technology to any other (non-nuclear?) country except under adequate safeguards. He said if some suitable formula could be worked out he would then be able to meet criticism in the Congress and elsewhere and India’s position as a nuclear power would be recognised by the whole world.

and this..

The points Kissinger made are extremely important:

“a) We recognise India as a nuclear power and would like to deal with you as such;

“b) India has a nuclear weapons capability but we do not wish to split hairs or argue as to whether you are going to use such capability or not;

“c) We are only anxious that other countries like Pakistan should not develop nuclear weapons. That would not only upset the present military balance on the subcontinent but encourage others to go in for nuclear weapons;

“(d) We are not going to ask India to do anything that we are not prepared to do ourselves;

“(e) It may be advisable for India and U.S., either bilaterally or jointly with other nuclear powers, to agree that they will not transfer nuclear explosive technology to non-nuclear countries or other nuclear technology except under strict safeguards. (He hoped that India would agree to this.)

But Indira Gandhi, with her "CIA" insecurities, and stupid anti-americanism, demurred....And out went the opportunity that came around 3 decades later...

About impact on other sectors, well, Zangger et al, NSG - all related to nuke tech..And mind you, all of that started when we rebuffed the US on the proposals spoke of above...MTCR wsnt relavent in 1974 either, not for India in any case...The "dual-use disabilities" on the space programme is more a child of the early '90s, when SU collapsed and the US started peremptorily flexing single superpower muscles, not Pok I...

[vera_k]

Something doesn't gell.

Moynihan's book also says that Kissinger was confident about Indira because she was taking money from the CIA. Perhaps the turning point came when Indira refused their money to try to chart an independent course. This line of thought implies something unpalatable about the current 123.

[svinayak]

On the second, the only material sanction imposed after Pok-I was on nuclear tech - in fact the US formed in the NSG in response to the tests AFAIK...And recent records, books, testimonies show that the US werent all that bothered either -

US was not bothered? Sanctions did not affect other sectors?

See Sridhar's post from Pak Nuclear Proliferation thread

Sanctions and global NP preaching was used by the americans with the rest of the world to keep a leash.
India was a patsy for US s larger global role.

[svinayak]

But Indira Gandhi, with her "CIA" insecurities, and stupid anti-americanism, demurred....And out went the opportunity that came around 3 decades later...

This is a immature statement. India was under pressure and they had a covert war against India. IG was a victim of the covert war.
Cold war politics was against India s growth and development
So India chose the least damaging option. That is all.
India did not have to kill 20 million of its citizens or have famine to feed arms development or march forward.
The only problem was it did not give good education to one generation to think of India as on entity and a tryst with destiny