Indian Missiles and Munitions Discussion

John · Post by **John** » 28 Sep 2009 00:39

The "universal" aspect is simply it's canistered design which allows for inclined and vertical cold launch. It was the only Russian missile to adopt that design (Klub independently funded and devoloped by Novator later followed suite), the Russian navy switched to smaller ashm (Uran) post cold war leaving Yakhont high and dry while the engine was tested, seeker wasn't which is were Brahmos comes in.

As for air launched variant i do not think it can be carried by IL-38, only platforms listed are Mig-31, Tu-142 and Flankers. IMO does not make sense to procure a missile simply for one/two platform.

nrshah · Post by **nrshah** » 28 Sep 2009 01:07

John wrote:IMO does not make sense to procure a missile simply for one/two platform.

Agreed, but not for Brahmos. It is a different missile, a game changer. Although few platforms and also inventory will also be restricted, this missile is capable of changing the scenario any moment. The short leg of the missile will be taken care of its carrier.

Just my 2 paise (not cents)

-Nitin

Austin · Post by **Austin** » 28 Sep 2009 09:14

John wrote:The "universal" aspect is simply it's canistered design which allows for inclined and vertical cold launch. It was the only Russian missile to adopt that design (Klub independently funded and devoloped by Novator later followed suite), the Russian navy switched to smaller ashm (Uran) post cold war leaving Yakhont high and dry while the engine was tested, seeker wasn't which is were Brahmos comes in.

As for air launched variant i do not think it can be carried by IL-38, only platforms listed are Mig-31, Tu-142 and Flankers. IMO does not make sense to procure a missile simply for one/two platform.

The term 'Universal" means the ability to launch from multiple platforms , the canistered design for any missile is termed as wooden round.

The Yakhont was tested multiple times including with first guided launch in 1996 in antiship role and by 1997 there were 10 trials ( the seeker hardware for Brahmos is still russian ) in antiship role.

We came into the picture in 1998 and we modified it further into a Land Attack Missile.

Brahmos is a game changer so it makes sense to procure it , considering we will end up with 230 Sukhoi and perhaps even the Tu-142 and P-8I

tsarkar · Post by **tsarkar** » 28 Sep 2009 17:43

John - there are loads of IN modernized Il-38 pictures around with new wing root hardpoints specifically designed to carry BrahMos.

Major structural work was required for wing carriage, that was dropped. Fuselage carriage was always feasible. IAF will induct the land attack version to take out airfield facilities.

Crystal Maze is used only by Mirages, Kh-59 only by Su-30, single platform use isnt anything new.

BTW refer below for what IN will use BrahMos for. Submarine pens, weapons storage, yard facilities. The # of missiles planned to be procured is far larger than number of opposing ships around, even after allowing for wastages.

http://ibnlive.in.com/news/indian-navy- ... 550-3.html
http://www.zeenews.com/Nation/2008-03-0 ... 9news.html

Austin - You're right on the range, I assumed aditp had updated information than what i had read.

srai · Post by **srai** » 29 Sep 2009 10:00

John wrote:...

As for air launched variant i do not think it can be carried by IL-38, only platforms listed are Mig-31, Tu-142 and Flankers. IMO does not make sense to procure a missile simply for one/two platform.

In this case, the size of the missile reduces which aircraft type in IAF inventory can carry it.

One of the problems IAF has had is because it operates too many types of combat aircraft of different origins. It's not always possible to integrate to various platforms (i.e. Russian missiles with Western a/c and vice versa). For optimal solution, IAF would need to work closely with DRDO (and JV with Israelis) to define and design a series of PGMs that are capable of being carried on most of its a/c types in service. Right now as you have pointed out, it seems a bit disjointed in IAF's purchases of weaponry which are fit for only one or two a/c types. This results in less efficient inventory management.

Baldev · Post by **Baldev** » 29 Sep 2009 10:10

The active radar homing (ARGSN) for the Kh-31A is designed to automatically search for and detect radar-contrast target, capture it on auto tracking, developing and issuing signals to the control system supersonic Kh-31A.

ARGSN for raktey X-31A is a X-band, operating in pulsed mode and automatically search, detect, capture and target tracking in azimuth, inclination and range, and issuance of signals required for guidance of missiles.

http://img25.imageshack.us/img25/3135/golovka21.jpg

- Provides guidance missiles at a target in the sector of angles in azimuth ± 20 °, in elevation from 10 ° to minus 20 °;
- Maximum range of detection of small size targets up to 20km;
- Can be used at an ambient temperature ± 50 ° C, at sea state up to 5 points in simple and adverse weather conditions, at any time, at any latitude;
- Weight (with fairing) - not more than 39,0 kg;
- Diameter (maximum) - 360 mm;
- Length (with fairing) - 1012mm.

Baldev · Post by **Baldev** » 29 Sep 2009 10:20

although most of reader may know about passive homing seeker for kh31 missile

http://img36.imageshack.us/img36/6494/passive.jpg

Frequency bands the targeted radar D. .. F
Receiver sensitivity dB / mW 60
Search and seizure under the target vehicle according to the targeting or autonomously
Weight equipment kg 23

Dimensions compartment, mm
diameter 360
length 1065

Cain Marko · Post by **Cain Marko** » 29 Sep 2009 10:40

tsarkar wrote:Crystal Maze is used only by Mirages, Kh-59 only by Su-30, single platform use isnt anything new.

IIRC, in the v.near future, the IN fulcrums should use the Kh-59 as well.

Btw any news on the airlaunched Kloob? Last I heard, they were talking about fitting 3 per flanker and a similar load out on a MiG-29K/35

CM

nrshah · Post by **nrshah** » 29 Sep 2009 15:36

Austin,

Weight of Air Launched Brahmos will be around 2.5 tonnes. Its range is 290 Kms.
This will make MKI as the sole carrier for it.

However, is their any option of reducing the weight of missile by reducing range - Say for eg 100 Kms... weighing 1 tonnes
In that case, most of the fighter aircraft incl LCA/NLCA will be able to carry the same.

Does such option exists and if yes, are they even thinking of it...

-Nitin

Rahul M · Post by **Rahul M** » 29 Sep 2009 18:23

there are other options than brahmos for LCA/NLCA. like crystal maze etc.

CM aero klubs are already in use on Tu-142M's IIRC.

Austin · Post by **Austin** » 29 Sep 2009 19:13

I see no reason why Brahmos cant be carried on Tu-142 or IL-38 , internally if not externally . Most of Russian HWT torpedoes can weigh over 2 T.

Once Brahmos gets flight qualified from MKI , we will see it getting retrofitted on IL-38SD and even Tu-142

Gagan · Post by **Gagan** » 29 Sep 2009 19:24

Weight is not the only parameter one should look at. There is also the issue of space on an aircraft to carry something the size of the BRAHMOS.
From the looks of it, the LCA and for the matter the Jaguar and the 2000, won't have any ground cleareance left if this missile is somehow installed below the fuselage IOW there is no space below the fuselage, in some cases also because of the landing gear for a BRAHMOS.
I am sure these aircraft can't carry that kind of a load on a wing pylon.

nrshah · Post by **nrshah** » 29 Sep 2009 20:45

Rahul M wrote:there are other options than brahmos for LCA/NLCA. like crystal maze etc.

CM aero klubs are already in use on Tu-142M's IIRC.

Agreed Rahul, There are many other options available. But What makes Brahmos different is sheer speed along with precision.

While we can have other missile like exocet ./ Crystal maze are subsonic and also have smaller warhead, Brahmos with its 300 Kg warhead coupled with supersonic impact will do irreparable damage to enemy ship.

Thus, while we need lesser no of missiles for a given target, we also need to flew lesser sortie / Aircraft.

Gagan wrote:Weight is not the only parameter one should look at. There is also the issue of space on an aircraft to carry something the size of the BRAHMOS.
From the looks of it, the LCA and for the matter the Jaguar and the 2000, won't have any ground cleareance left if this missile is somehow installed below the fuselage IOW there is no space below the fuselage, in some cases also because of the landing gear for a BRAHMOS.
I am sure these aircraft can't carry that kind of a load on a wing pylon.

While the missile will be reduced by 2.5 times, there is no reason why its specs (size) will not be scaled down. With one tonne weight even LCA will be able to 2 of them. Think of the destructive power...

-Nitin

Cain Marko · Post by **Cain Marko** » 29 Sep 2009 22:15

Rahul M wrote:there are other options than brahmos for LCA/NLCA. like crystal maze etc.

CM aero klubs are already in use on Tu-142M's IIRC.

Thanks Rahul, had forgotten that bit. Is it confirmed? THe sizzler is a unique missile in its ability to do the terminal stage at supersonic speeds - v.difficult beast to deal with since it combines to some extent, subsonic and supersonic features. Has plenty of range, carries a heavy payload and weighs over a ton less than the brahmos. Would be a great one two combo!

Btw, whatever happened to the IAF RFP for harpoon sized missiles - is the NSM being considered? Or is it more urans?

CM.

Kersi D · Post by **Kersi D** » 30 Sep 2009 01:18

tsarkar wrote:John - there are loads of IN...............

Crystal Maze is used only by Mirages, Kh-59 only by Su-30, single platform use isnt anything new.

Austin - You're right on the range, I assumed aditp had updated information than what i had read.

WHAT IS CRYSTAL MAZE ????

vishnu.nv · Post by **vishnu.nv** » 30 Sep 2009 01:48

Crystal maze is a Yahoodi miggile. Can anyone confirm the IAF procurement of the same? And numbers?

Shiv aroor had a writeup some times back of a DRDO JV with Israyel on a PGM development. We are developing our own sudershan PGM also.

Shameek · Post by **Shameek** » 30 Sep 2009 01:59

IIRC the reports about Crystal Maze being OK'd by IAF came out in late 2005. Don't know about numbers though.

andy B · Post by **andy B** » 30 Sep 2009 04:50

Kersi D wrote:
tsarkar wrote:John - there are loads of IN...............

Crystal Maze is used only by Mirages, Kh-59 only by Su-30, single platform use isnt anything new.

Austin - You're right on the range, I assumed aditp had updated information than what i had read.
WHAT IS CRYSTAL MAZE ????

Mate Crystal Maze is IIRC what the IAF calls the AGM142-Have Nap/Popeye/Raptor. (AFAIK the names refer to some variants) It is deployed by RAAF F111s, B52s, actually dont know what the yehudis deploy it on possiblly the Sufa.

http://www.google.com.au/search?hl=en&s ... =&aq=f&oq=

http://www.ausairpower.net/TE-AGM-142-SOW.html

John · Post by **John** » 30 Sep 2009 04:50

Rahul M wrote: CM aero klubs are already in use on Tu-142M's IIRC.
there are other options than brahmos for LCA/NLCA. like crystal maze etc.

CM aero klubs are already in use on Tu-142M's IIRC.

Rahul, i was under the impression Alfa (air launched Klub) has not been deployed and is still in devolopment.

tsarkar wrote:John - there are loads of IN modernized Il-38 pictures around with new wing root hardpoints specifically designed to carry BrahMos.

Source? i never read anywhere that Il-38 can carry anything that large let alone Brahmos and considering IN is moving towards P-8I (aren't IL-38 to be phased on in the next decade?). P-8 definitely can't carry them they are limited to SLAM-ER/Harpoon sized missiles.

Yes IAF does deploy few missiles on single platform (cyrstal maze etc) but they can be integrated into MRCA, LCA, Su-30mki/mig-29k etc the option exists but that is not the case with Brahmos. Also keep in mind these missiles have other users other than IAF but with Brahmos so far not even Russia has shown any interest in the air launched variant.

Rahul M · Post by **Rahul M** » 30 Sep 2009 09:22

John, I was just going to correct that when I saw your post !

I remembered it was the urans I remember being fitted on the bear-F, not klub.

negi · Post by **negi** » 30 Sep 2009 10:33

Rahul, you are referring to the the IN Tupolevs ; when were the missiles integrated ?

tsarkar · Post by **tsarkar** » 30 Sep 2009 11:11

John – Check this image for wing root hardpoints - www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Images/IL-38e.jpg

http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/media/477 ... 30MKI_.jpg

I couldn’t open it because of bandwidth issues, but all Il-38 upgraded with Sea Dragon have FCC capable of firing BrahMos and the wing root hardpoints.

http://www.newindpress.com/NewsItems.as ... &Topic=444&

The above link doesn’t work, but faithfully reproduced at -

http://www.defence.pk/forums/military-p ... 7-a-2.html

Talking to this website's newspaper along the sidelines of Aero India, Pillai said that Naval aircraft would get air-to-sea firing capability once BrahMos goes on board. ‘‘These aircraft will be able to fire them from air to disengage an enemy vessel. The fire control system of the IL-38 is being readied and we hope to complete this exercise within a year,’’ he said.
Note that the missile isn’t ready yet.

If the Sea Eagle can be fitted to the Il-38, there’s no reason why Brahmos cannot be fitted to P-8A http://www.acig.org/artman/publish/article_431.shtml

The US P-8A has the underside free to accommodate Raytheon AAS radar for ground and littoral work

http://www.flightglobal.com/blogs/the-d ... ssion.html

http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/blogs/de ... 3b7d3764e2

http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/blogs/de ... cced569226

India has no such radar needs and can easily accommodate the BrahMos on wing root hardpoints like the Il-38. IN also kept the CAe MAD that USN didn’t want.

Nothing has been fitted on the Tu-142 because the Sea Eagle became obsolete, the Russians initially refused to allow Elta radar integration and reluctantly agreed, air launched Klub and Uran weren’t available…The eight Tu-142 will be replaced by the P-8I

Rahul M · Post by **Rahul M** » 30 Sep 2009 11:32

Nothing has been fitted on the Tu-142 because the Sea Eagle became obsolete, the Russians initially refused to allow Elta radar integration and reluctantly agreed, air launched Klub and Uran weren’t available…The eight Tu-142 will be replaced by the P-8I

tsarkar saab, I just went through my old news clippings and found the image I was looking for.

it shows a Tu-142M (only part of the starboard side wing with the distinctive NK-12 props and fuselage is visible) being fitted with a ASM. the caption doesn't mention the make of the missile but the pic was taken during kargil.
with mu limited knowledge back then I had assumed it was the uran but now I can see clearly that it is the sea eagle.

gentlemen, sorry for the goof-ups !

tsarkar · Post by **tsarkar** » 30 Sep 2009 11:58

Rahul, your observations were correct. The Sea Eagle was fitted but it became obsolete.

The story is similar to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panavia_To ... s#Variants

The Tornado GR1B was a specialised anti-shipping variant of the RAF Tornado GR1. Based in Scotland at RAF Lossiemouth, they replaced the Blackburn Buccaneer in the anti-shipping role, delivering the Sea Eagle anti-ship missile. It did not have the ability to track shipping with its radar and relied on the missile's seeker for target acquisition.
When the Tornado GR1 strike aircraft of the Royal Air Force were updated to the GR4 standard in the late 1990s there was no corresponding GR4B version of the GR4. It was judged that a specialised anti-shipping variant of the aircraft was no longer needed as the threat from surface warships the GR1B was designed to operate against had decreased, and also because the Sea Eagle missile was coming towards the end of its shelf-life and there were no plans to replace it due to the cost of doing so.

Regarding the urgency for BrahMos land attack requirement of IAF, read the heavy price paid attacking Sakesar in 1971 in the BR website. Now visualize SCAN equipped air launched BrahMos doing the job.

Austin · Post by **Austin** » 30 Sep 2009 12:24

tsarkar , Thanks that was nice info.

couple of questions in my mind

1 ) If IL-38SD carrying 2 Air launched Brahmos beneath the fuselage ( weighing ~ 5 T ) would almost make it impossible to carry any torpedoes , I am not too sure if torpedoes can be carried under wing or some where else , the position of Brahmos also indicates that it is blocking the opening of internal weapon bays

Though wiki says there are two internal weapons bays, one forward of the wing, housing sonobouys and one behind the wing housing weapons , but the length if Brahmos for me looks long enough to block those internal weapon bays

2 ) Any specific reason they went for a Box shaped ELINT antena above the fuselage , they are aerodynamically draggy and look ugly , couldnt they design a better antenna and a proper location for it ?

Another view of IL-38SD with Brahmos link

3 ) Do we need MAD in this age , when submarine are made of amagnetic steel ?

tsarkar · Post by **tsarkar** » 30 Sep 2009 15:17

Austin, you're right given that Il-38 max payload is 5000 kg. So it wont be able to carry anything else. P-8 payload ~ 8000 kg could carry additional armament.

I'm clueless on the benefits of positioning the ELINT antenna on top of fuselage. Mounting them on the fuselage all around the aircraft conventionally would have probably yielded the same effect.

Boats built of amagnetic steel are difficult to build & weld. I am not sure whether they're manufactured anywhere other than Germany. MAD is certainly relevant against Chinese submarines.

John · Post by **John** » 30 Sep 2009 17:14

Good info but hesistant to believe Il-38 or P-8I can carry Brahmos unless there is official confirmation this year. They are starting to evaluate the platforms and original information regarding air launched variant have proved to be incorrect; originally Su-30mki was listed as being able to carry to 3 and mig-29 could carry 1. Only platforms that have been listed as being to carry it are Su-30 (1), Mig-31 (1) and Tu-142.

jaladipc · Post by **jaladipc** » 30 Sep 2009 17:29

the max payload(only weapon stores) of an IN IL-38 is >8500kg.period

IL-38 cant carry ALCM variant of brahmos.IF It has to carry brahmos,it needs major modifications to its weapon bays since brahmos cant be carried under the fuselage pylons.Since the ground clearance of IL-38 is very low and gives very hard time for the ground crew.Not only that,it makes the landing difficult with a brahmos attached to the fuselage pylon.

IF the weapon bays can be modified to carry a 3 cell rotary launcher of brahmos (which is highly impossible in Indian scenario) then we can count on it.
else stay tuned with Tu-144 and Mki`s.

tsarkar · Post by **tsarkar** » 30 Sep 2009 19:32

Jaladipc –

If you carefully read what I wrote, the BrahMos hardpoints are wingroot, NOT fuselage or wings. The wing roots are structurally the strongest parts in any aircraft. No one said anything regarding fuselage bays.

Secondly, what proof can you furnish that Il-38 ground clearance is "very low"? It’s certainly not lower than the fuselage center hardpoint of the Su-30 where BrahMos will be carried.

Use these images to research the heights. Use the height of the men as reference points. Do note in some of the Il-38 pictures, the men are closer to the camera than the aircraft.
http://maks.sukhoi.ru/media/photo/maks2 ... 3d1162.jpg
http://s188567700.online.de/CMS/index.p ... &Itemid=47

jaladipc · Post by **jaladipc** » 30 Sep 2009 19:39

^^

The clearance thing about IL-38 was told by a naval personnel.This is not something i made up.they have to consider the landing shocks absorbed by the aircraft suspensions.And the length of the missile.When an aircraft lands,it first touches the ground with rear wheels.Probably they might have figured it out such a way that when it lands,it is leaving a very small amount of space between the missile and the ground.

IN gave up integrating brahmos on IL-38

Some posters showing brahmos ALCM on IL-38 is just a publicity stunt.

Austin · Post by **Austin** » 30 Sep 2009 19:44

John wrote:Good info but hesistant to believe Il-38 or P-8I can carry Brahmos unless there is official confirmation this year. They are starting to evaluate the platforms and original information regarding air launched variant have proved to be incorrect; originally Su-30mki was listed as being able to carry to 3 and mig-29 could carry 1. Only platforms that have been listed as being to carry it are Su-30 (1), Mig-31 (1) and Tu-142.

I think the model by Brahmos clearly indicates 2 Brahmos for IL-38 , they must have done some study before coming with a IL-38SD/Brahmos model , most likely the IL-38SD will outlast the 142M by atleast a decade.

The MKI can carry 3 Brahmos if necessary structural changes are done wings/structure , but they went to 1 to reduce the structural fatigue life for MKI , never heard of 29 could ever carry brahmos.

tsarkar · Post by **tsarkar** » 30 Sep 2009 19:57

Sea Eagle wingspan is 1.2 meters while Brahmos is 1.4 meters. So the missile isn’t elephant sized. Also, the Berkut radar dome doesn’t scrape the ground during takeoff & landing. So length and ground clearance doesn’t have anything to do with it.

Same goes for landing gear, the weight is within the aircraft tolerances.

You have the official statements (Dr. Pillai) highlighting the integration process, however if BrahMos integration with Il-38 has been dropped for some reason, then the reasons certainly aren’t ground clearance.

sumeet_s · Post by **sumeet_s** » 30 Sep 2009 21:32

sometime ago there was a news of KPJ Reddy of IISC bangalore coming up with some chromium paint layer which increases the range of the missiles...
Does anyone know what is its status currently.....are we already using any such thing as it was possible to use the technology even on the existing missiles...

Sorry if this was asked earlier...

Rahul M · Post by **Rahul M** » 30 Sep 2009 21:35

sumeet these things take time to mature from research project stage to usable technology, if at all they can make the transition.
then again, we might never know when it is used !

John · Post by **John** » 30 Sep 2009 21:48

Austin wrote:I think the model by Brahmos clearly indicates 2 Brahmos for IL-38 , they must have done some study before coming with a IL-38SD/Brahmos model , most likely the IL-38SD will outlast the 142M by atleast a decade.

The MKI can carry 3 Brahmos if necessary structural changes are done wings/structure , but they went to 1 to reduce the structural fatigue life for MKI , never heard of 29 could ever carry brahmos.

Mig-29 was listed as being able to carry Yakhont-M in brochure and i remember vaguely seeing it some where in brahmos video. So little hesitant to believe the manufacturer's claims unless there is actual confirm from navy that it can be deployed.

IMO DRDO should develop NSM size stand off missile for MRCA/LCA etc.

sumeet_s · Post by **sumeet_s** » 30 Sep 2009 21:51

then again, we might never know when it is used !

i met KPJ reddy once in Feb 09 at an Indo Russian meet on high energy density physics...

when asked he told me that he has completed his research and submitted the reports and the concerned people are now evaluating it...he also stated that he would not even know if also the project is passed and also said that the authorities can use it anytime without his knowledge....

such an answer was certainly to avoid more questions from me....

anyways...thnx rahul

Rahul M · Post by **Rahul M** » 30 Sep 2009 22:14

sumeet, it is more likely that he is still involved in some capacity. even so, your anecdote is quite interesting.

Cain Marko · Post by **Cain Marko** » 01 Oct 2009 00:06

John wrote:Mig-29 was listed as being able to carry Yakhont-M in brochure and i remember vaguely seeing it some where in brahmos video. So little hesitant to believe the manufacturer's claims unless there is actual confirm from navy that it can be deployed.

Yes I remember something to this effect. There were images showing fulcrum with 1 yakhont below (on the ground not on any hp). Dunno if it is in the realm of possibility though - I think the length will probly interfere with the nosewheel landing gear. Weight could also be an issue.

CM

Paul · Post by **Paul** » 01 Oct 2009 17:18

Hindu Businessline

High-level meet to sort out BrahMos project land issue
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A temporary project office which was operating out of a leased building has been closed down, citing the delay in handing over the land.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Our Bureau

Thiruvananthapuram, Sept. 30

A high-level conference of officers will be convened to sort out problems pertaining to acquisition of land for the second phase of BrahMos missile development project proposed to come up here.

This was announced to newspersons here on Wednesday by the Chief Minister, Mr V.S. Achuthanandan, at the end of Cabinet meeting.

The conference has been tentatively fixed for October 13, the Chief Minister said, adding that he would try to ascertain the reasons for delay in the acquisition of the nine acres required for the project.

A temporary project office which was operating out of a leased building has reportedly been ordered closed, citing the delay in handing over the land even after one and a half years.

Backed up by an outlay of Rs 100 crore, the second phase of the BrahMos project here proposes to establish a missile integration system close to the existing facility. The first phase of the project was started in 2008.

In other decisions approved at its meeting, the Cabinet has approved the second Administrative Reform Commission’s recommendations for expediting the implementation of e-governance in administration.

A business process re-engineering cell would be set up as part of the programme, the Chief Minister said. The Cabinet also approved a raise in the Plan outlay for 2009-10 by Rs 260 crore to Rs 8,920 crore.

The Cabinet has also accepted other recommendations of the Commission such as those pertaining to training of staff and capacity building in e-governance.

The Akshaya e-centres in the rural areas are being enabled to act as interface between the State Government and citizens at large to ensure delivery of required services.

The Institute of Management in Government and similar institutions are sought to be involved in the training of the staff. A post-graduate diploma course in e-governance is to be launched soon.

The State Government has also decided to implement an insurance scheme for passengers as well as staff on board boats owned by the Kerala Water Transport Authority.

To be implemented in association with the National Insurance Company, the scheme would have an outlay of Rs 1 crore, according to the Transport Minister, Mr Jose Thettayil.

In the event of death, this provides for the payment of Rs 1 lakh to the next of kin. A similar payout would be made in the case of permanent disability.

rajeshks · Post by **rajeshks** » 02 Oct 2009 00:00

No way the commie government in Kerala giving land for a weapons project that can be harmful for china.. remember the infamous 1962 blood donation for indian soldiers. People involved in that is ruling the state now.

Btw the new airport terminal and the existing Brahmos factory are on the opposite sides of the airport road. easy to move missiles