The USA-PRC-TSP & India Dynamic
shiv wrote:I have several problems with what you have said:
RajeshA wrote:
After India became an ally, USA has often stated publicly that it wants Pakistan and India to patch up, and Pakistan should stop seeing India as an enemy, trying to talk TSPA Jernails out of doing PRC's bidding (which of course they thoroughly enjoy) but to little avail. In the mean time it has pursued with its own goal of containing Global Jihad, and tried to keep Pakistanis in good humor by giving it military presents, which can of course be used against India, USA's 'secret' ally. MMS has given all he possibly could to support USA's strategy of weaning away Pakistan from enmity against India, as it is first and foremost in our interest.
The US has never declared India and ally. When you arm a nation well - it stays well armed for a decade or more because the weapons don't evaporate. Pakistan will be well armed against India until at east 2025. The US is
NOT_India's_ally.
See this post I made in the Pakistan thread (images of the Pakistan army)
http://forums.bharat-rakshak.com/viewto ... 90#p948490
I did say
'secret' ally, so one doesn't go around making announcements. India prides on being a country with an independent foreign policy, and declarations announcing India's alliance with USA were not desired. I think, on July 18, 2005, India and USA reached a gentleman's agreement on an alliance, when the nuclear deal was announced.
When I say, 'secret' alliance, it means:
- An acknowledgement that USA does not consider India an hostile country
- An acknowledgement that India does not consider USA an hostile country
- A broad understanding on geopolitical situation of the world
- A broad understanding on strategic cooperation
- An understanding between the Leaderships of the two countries - GWB and MMS.
- Of course, national interests of each nation have precedence despite an 'alliance', and as such there are several fields of disagreement.
So, IMHO we are already in an alliance with the USA, even though the official status is different. Something similar to how we had an alliance with Soviet Union, even as we were Non-Aligned.
Your objections to the term 'alliance' flow from an assessment of benefits and disadvantages to India and Indo-US history. By 'alliance', I mean an understanding amongst the leadership on a range of strategic issues. One saw signs of this 'alliance' at work during the Nuclear Deal, through Indian silence on all issues around US presence in Iraq and Afghanistan, through India's deference to USA on the question of Pakistan, through Indo-US cooperation in David Headley interrogation, through India's naval exercises in the Indian Ocean, etc.
At least till the end of the Bush Administration, this alliance was in effect. Till now during Obama's Administration this alliance has been going on the momentum of previous understandings, but there was no real new impetus. This may change again after Obama's visit to India in November.
Now I am not dwelling on the question of whether this 'secret' alliance has been in India's national interests. But an acknowledgement that there is one such understanding between the leaderships of USA and India, brings us a lot further in correctly analyzing the present situation.
shiv wrote:RajeshA wrote:So basically PRC has checkmated both USA and India in Pakistan. USA cannot afford to break off with Pakistani Army chiefly due to Global War on Terror considerations and is being bled to pennilessness in Afghanistan, and India is checkmated by Chinese nukes in Pakistani possession, and considerations for India's 'secret' ally USA and is forced to live in a box.
If China has screwed the US and India, what use is the US to India now that Pakistan will remain well armed against India for over a decade? The US has to take some concrete measures to show that it means goodwill for India. If India has to help Pakistan the Pakistani army must be disempowered. That much we know well on here. If the US does nothing in that direction then everything else it does "for India" is all fluff.
As Obama Administration's interests in India have remained limited, one could question even the existence of such an 'alliance' secret or otherwise between the two leaderships. But assuming the momentum is still there, the goodwill may be there, but as explained earlier American options may be limited as well. That is why Blackwill has been doing the rounds in India telling India to broaden America's options, and
goodwill depends on the availability of such.
There has been many utterances from America saying, that Pakistan is the only game in town.
We have reached a point, where America may be willing to make big changes in its posture in South Asia. It knows that its current position of occupation in Afghanistan, war with Taliban and support for Pakistan in its current form is in the long term untenable.
If a Indo-US strategy to change the dynamics of South Asia have to bear fruition, India too would have to make certain contributions, and it is unclear whether India is willing to make the like. USA is open to ideas right now, and wants India to propose such and then commit to her part, which may be a territory Indian Leadership has not traveled since 1971.
Let's say if USA tells India, let's cut off PRC's access to Pakistan in PoK, and India has to do
uvw for that and America does
xyz, would India agree. Let's say USA tells India, that India invades Pakistan and secures a land corridor to Afghanistan, putting Indian troops in that region all the way up to Khyber Pass, even as USA dismembers Pakistan in other ways, would India agree to it.
So as long as India does not come up with a vision for South Asia which India is willing to enforce with military commitments, USA feels no need to give up its current policy.
USA has tried the strategy of weaning away Pakistan from its current anti-Indian stance to a certain détente with India, telling the Pakis, that India is not its enemy, and MMS has also supported this push, as it is the most cost-effective strategy with less controversial potential than the various other hard options on the table, but this strategy seems to have failed. It has failed not simply because Pakistanis are fanatic about India but because Pakistanis have the assurance of another lifeline willing to support Pakistan's crusade against India - China.
In another era, USA could have dictated to Pakistan, that they put up with India and resolve its differences with us on such and such basis, but that era is over. Now USA cannot even see to it, that Pakistan helps USA in its GWOT. PRC feels today it is strong enough to stake its claims on its Asian interests, without the danger of any reprisal, and so it is now moving in into Pakistan for the kill - to neutralize any flexibility India and USA had in Pakistan.
When we ask what use is USA to India, we also need to ask what use is the stance of the current Indian Leadership to India.
Indian Leadership's thinking is deeply entrenched in the legitimacy accorded to it by the
Indian Independence Act 1947. Indian Leadership feels secure within the confines of that act, and feels that once it leaves the womb of that act, and ventures into the world outside, where Indian soldiers start invading neighboring territories, India itself violates the sanctity afforded to it by the Act and then it becomes free for all - then India loses even the right to keep the areas that fall within the boundaries of Republic of India. To some extent this is correct, because then India does venture into an area, where the legitimacy over the land within the national boundaries of a country is subject solely to the country's ability to enforce its control over them, and cannot be derived from old legal frameworks. This is understandable.
What India however needs to learn is that the old legal framework is not sufficient to thwart external pressures on the territorial integrity of India, nor prevent a serious degradation in India's strategic environment.
Basically that is the real question that the Indian Leadership faces - the illusion of security of the known or molding the unknown for security.
Now the question arises, why should India let herself be pushed into stormy waters by USA, while USA sits on the sidelines and enjoys the show. It is in fact a good thing that India is being so cautious. It means the other countries have a hard time playing India. The solution is of course to not go it alone. India has to negotiate with USA what kind of burden it is willing to carry as well - what part is USA willing to play in the game, what is it going to invest? It is okay for India to demand that USA carries a major portion of the burden of restructuring South and Central Asia and IOR to India's and US's advantage, but India too would have to contribute.
That is where we are stuck right now! India has a right to treat USA with suspicion and to constantly verify its commitment, but India is still obliged to come up with an alternative vision for Asia, in which India becomes the predominant nation in Asia, or at least big enough to contain China and go for a Duopoly in Asia.
shiv wrote:RajeshA wrote:We have to recognize the three phases of American-Chinese joint management of Pakistan.
- US-USSR Cold-War: (1963 - 1991) America and China use Pakistan to keep Russia and India in check.
- Sino-US bonhomie: (1991 - 2010) America uses Pakistan against Al Qaeda and PRC uses Pakistan against India.
- Sino-US Cold-War: (2011 - ***) America and China stabilize Pakistan to not allow it to fall prey to Al Qaeda or India. If TSPA's hold stabilizes, America may not support Pakistan too much.
How did you conclude that Sino-US bonhomie has lasted from 1991 to 2010. Sino US bonhomie started under Nixon in the early 1970s. How can anyone say it has ended this year. We nay have to wait a decade to prove or disprove this. How can you predict a "Sino-US cold war" from 2011?
Of course Sino-US bonhomie started in early 1970s, with Henry Kissinger's visit to PRC in July 1971 to be precise, but the predominant dynamic in the earlier years was the US-USSR Cold War, and USA saw PRC from that prism.
With a down-sizing of US presence in Iraq and Afghanistan next year, USA would be somewhat freer to concentrate on bigger things of geopolitics. Judging from all that the US has been up to in South China Sea and judging from the drying up of its options in Pakistan to secure its interests, IMHO the relations between USA and PRC are headed for cooler times. But again, it is the future, and one can only make predictions on the basis of some geo-political tea leaves. Nobody can really tell the future, it is simply a haphazard guess.
I think before we can develop solutions to the problems, we need to understand the current dynamics in the region, without straying off too much in ideological stances or in historical justifications of such stances. Only if the picture is clear, can one proceed to gaming India's options.